Study of Certain Immunological Aspects in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients Infected by Helicobacter pylori

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia and includes individuals who have relatively insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral-shaped bacterium, infects 50% of the world’s people, and inhabits in the human gastric epithelium, causing many diseases. It had been suggested that H. pylori infection is more frequent among T2DM patients. Aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus infected by H. pylori bacteria. Anti-H.pylori IgG and IFN-γ concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study includes 140 patients, divided into 3 groups, which are a group of patients infected by T2DM and H.pylori (T2DMHp+ve), a group of patients infected by T2DM but not by H. pylori group (T2DMHp-ve), and the third group includes patients infected with H. pylori only (Hp), in addition to apparently healthy control group (AHC). Our study revealed significantly decreasing in serum IFN-γ in both T2DMHp+ve group (P<0.05) and T2DMHp-ve group (P<0.01), compared with an apparently healthy control group(AHC). Also, this study shows decreased IFN-γ level in patients with Hp group compared with healthy control but without significant difference. Also, the concentration of IFN-γ in T2DMHp+ve is slightly more than that in T2DMHp-ve group.