Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Gracilaria foliifera Based on Lunar Phases


Affiliations
1 Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
2 Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
3 Department of Bioinformatics and Data sciences, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
4 Department of Bioengineering, Vels Institute of Science and Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 117, India
 

Gracilaria foliifera, sustainable renewable resources in the marine environment. Gracilaria, a genus of red algae, notable for its economic importance as an agarophyte. In the present study, experiments were performed to investigate the phytochemical constituents of Gracilaria foliifera. Samples were collected during three different lunar phases namely new moon, full moon and between days. The collected seaweeds were shade dried and extracted by ethyl acetate. The crude metabolites are subjected to phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, and qualitative analysis of the compounds by TLC. Further the crude extract was evaluated by GCMS. Among the different lunar phases, the presence of phytochemical compounds, antioxidants activity, is maximum during the full moon days which also showed appreciable amount than the samples collected during new moon phase and transition phase.

Keywords

Bioactivity, Full Moon, GC-MS Analysis, Gracilaria foliifera, New Moon.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Chaturvedi M, Singh M, Kumar R & Rishi C M, Seaweeds: A Diet with Nutritional, Medicinal and Industrial Value, Res J Med Plants, 5 (2011) 153-157.
  • Freitas M V, Pacheco D, Cotas J, Mouga T, Afonso C, et al., Red Seaweed Pigments from a Biotechnological Perspective, Phycology, 2 (2022) 1-29.
  • Ryu B, Kim Y S & Jeon Y J, Seaweeds and Their Natural Products for Preventing Cardiovascular Associated Dysfunction, Mar Drugs, 19 (9) (2021) 507.
  • Blunt J W, Munro M H G, Copp B R, Keyzers R A & Prinsep M R, Marine natural products, Nat Prod Rep, 32 (2015) 116-211.
  • Mayer A, Rodríguez A D, Taglialatela S O & Fusetani N, Marine pharmacology in 2009-2011: marine compounds with antibacterial, antidiabetic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the immune and nervous systems, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action, Mar Drugs, 11 (2013) 2510-2573.
  • Jha R K & Zi-rong X, Biomedical Compounds from Marine organisms, Mar Drugs, 2 (3) (2004) 123–46.
  • Norziah M H & Ching C Y, Nutritional composition of edible seaweed Gracilaria changgi, Food Chem, 68 (2006) 69-76.
  • Harborne J B, Phytochemical methods a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis, (Chapman & Hall, London, UK), 1998.
  • Lowry O H, Rosebrough N J, Farr A L & Randall J, Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent, J Biol Chem, 193 (1951) 265-75.
  • David T & Plummer, An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry, 1990, pp. 179.
  • Pontis J A, Mendonca L A, Costa A D, Silva S J R D & Flach A, Color, phenolics and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of honey from Roraima, Brazil Food Sci Tech, 34 (2014) 69-73.
  • Asadujjaman M & Hossain M & Karmakar U, Assessment of DPPH free radical scavenging activity of some medicinal plants, Pharmacol Online, 1 (2013) 161-165.
  • Ghannadi A, Shabani L & Yegdaneh A, Cytotoxic, antioxidant and phytochemical analysis of Gracilaria species from the Persian Gulf, Adv Biomed Res, 5 (2016) p. 139. DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.187373
  • Gamze Y, Özgür V, Serap Ç & Şükran D, Determination of the Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidative Capacity in Red Algae Gracilaria bursa-pastoris, Int J Food Prop, 14 (2011) 496-502.
  • Chejara D R, Kondaveetia S, Meena R & Siddhanta A K, Antioxidant activity and phytochemical analysis of a few Indian seaweed species, Indian J Geo-Mar Sci, 43 (4) (2014) 507-518.
  • Devi G K, Manivannan K, Thirumaran G, Rajathi F A & Anantharaman P, In vitro antioxidant activities of selected seaweeds from Southeast coast of India, Asian Pac J Trop Med, 4 (3) (2011) 205-211.
  • Gouda U, Reliance R M, Gitishree D & Jayanta K P, Free radical scavenging potential of extracts of Gracilaria verrucosa(l) (harvey): an economically important seaweed from chilika lake, India, Int J Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sci, 6 (2013) 707-710.
  • Sobuj M K A, Islam M A, Islam M S, Islam M M, Mahmud Y, et al., Effect of solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of Padina tetrastromatica and Gracilaria tenuistipitata seaweeds collected from Bangladesh, Sci Rep, 11 (2021) p. 19082. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98461-3
  • Sikdar P & Ramana M V, Hepatoprotective activity of the hydro-alcoholic extract of the Gracilaria edulis (Gmelin), Res J Pharm Tech, 10 (6) (2017) 1647-1652.
  • Thanigaivel S, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A & Thomas J, Protective efficacy of microencapsulated seaweed extracts for preventing Aeromonas infections in Oreochromis mossambicus, Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol, 218 (2019) 36-45.
  • Shebi S, Ezhilarasan D, Thomas J, Chandrasekaran N & Mukherjee A, Gracilaria folifera (Forssk.) Børgesen ethanolic extract triggers apoptosis via activation of p53 expression in HepG2 cells, Pharmacog Mag, 15 (2019) 259-63.
  • Erfani N, Nazemosadat Z & Moein M, Cytotoxic activity of ten algae from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea on human breast cancer cell lines; MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and T-47D, Pharm Res, 2015 (7) 133–137.
  • Manilal A, Sujith S, Kiran G S, Selvin J & Panikkar M V N, Evaluation of seaweed bioactives on common aquatic floral and faunal weeds of shrimp ponds, Thalassas, 2 (2010) 47-56
  • Musharraf S G, Ahmed M A, Zehra N, Kabir N, Choudhary M I, et al., Biodiesel production from micro algal isolates of southern Pakistan and quantification of FAMEs by GCMS/MS analysis, Chem Cent J, 6 (2012) p. 149.
  • Barbosa J P, Fleury B G, da-Gama B A P, Teixeira V L & Pereira R C, Natural products as antifoulants in the Brazilian brown alga Dictyota pfaffii (Phaeophyta, Dictyotales), Biochem Syst Ecol, 35 (2007) 549–553.
  • Oh K B, Lee J H, Chung S C, Shin J, Shin H J, et al., Antimicrobial activities of the bromophenols from the red alga Odonthalia corymbifera and some synthetic derivatives, Bioorg Med Chem Let, 18 (2008) p. 104.
  • Saavedra, Margarida & Pousão P, A preliminary study on the effect of lunar cycles on the spawning behaviour of the gilt-head sea bream, Sparus aurata, J Marine Biol Assoc UK, 86 (2006) 899-901. DOI:10.1017/S0025315406013841
  • Bokhtiar S M, Ali M A, Chowdhury M A Z, Hassan M K, Ahmed M, et al., Yield improvement of Gracilaria tenuistipitata by optimizing different aspects in coast of cox’s bazar, Bangladesh, Sci Rep, 12 (2022) 4174.
  • Burnaford J L, Nielsen K J & Williams S L, Celestial mechanics affects emersion time and cover patterns of an ecosystem engineer, the intertidal kelp Saccharina sessilis, Mar Ecol Prog Ser, 509 (2014) 127-136.
  • Deveau A, Miller-Hope Z, Lloyd E, Williams B, Bolduc C, et al., Antimicrobial activity of extracts from macroalgae Ulva lactuca against clinically important Staphylococci is impacted by lunar phase of macroalgae harvest, Lett Appl Microbiol, 62 (2016) 363-371.

Abstract Views: 135

PDF Views: 74




  • Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Gracilaria foliifera Based on Lunar Phases

Abstract Views: 135  |  PDF Views: 74

Authors

L. S. Abraham
Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
P. Prakash
Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
N. M. D. Sai Krishna
Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
S. Sunkar
Department of Bioinformatics and Data sciences, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
O. R. Paramasivam
Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
B. I. Thomson
Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 119, India
K. Rajakumari
Department of Bioengineering, Vels Institute of Science and Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 117, India

Abstract


Gracilaria foliifera, sustainable renewable resources in the marine environment. Gracilaria, a genus of red algae, notable for its economic importance as an agarophyte. In the present study, experiments were performed to investigate the phytochemical constituents of Gracilaria foliifera. Samples were collected during three different lunar phases namely new moon, full moon and between days. The collected seaweeds were shade dried and extracted by ethyl acetate. The crude metabolites are subjected to phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, and qualitative analysis of the compounds by TLC. Further the crude extract was evaluated by GCMS. Among the different lunar phases, the presence of phytochemical compounds, antioxidants activity, is maximum during the full moon days which also showed appreciable amount than the samples collected during new moon phase and transition phase.

Keywords


Bioactivity, Full Moon, GC-MS Analysis, Gracilaria foliifera, New Moon.

References