Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

The Impact of Travel Related Variables on Travel Expenditures for Sport Tourists


Affiliations
1 Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management Kennesaw State University, United States
2 University of Nevada, Las Vegas (Singapore Campus) William F. Harrah College of Hotel Administration, Singapore
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The focus of this study was to identify the travel motivations that best predict expenditures on travel related variables for active sport tourists traveling to play golf. The targeted sample for this study was golfers from the United States who had traveled to play golf within the last two years. Regression analysis was used in the study to investigate the relationships between social psychological motives for tourism travel variables on the different categories of travel expenditures. Regression analysis revealed that overall, personal seeking (ps) motives were the most influential in explaining tourism expenditures with regards to travel related variables. This study's results illustrated that motivations for travel and travel expenditures are moderately connected and could be useful for understanding active sport tourists' travel expenditures, as well as having practical implications for sport marketers, sport organizations, and sport facilities.

Keywords

Tourism, Travel Motives, Golf, Sport, Expenditures.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Babbie, E. (2007). The practice of social research (11th ed.) Belmont, CA: Thomas Higher Education.
  • Baig, A., Shadigian, E., & Heisler, M. (2006). Hidden from plain sight: Residents' domestic violence screening attitudes and reported practices. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 21(9), 949-954.
  • Bonometti, R. J., & Tang, J. (2006). A dynamic technique for conducting online survey based research. Competitiveness Review, 16(2), 97-105.
  • Bouchet, P., Lebrun, A. M., & Auvergne, S. (2004). Sport Tourism Consumer Experiences: A Comprehensive Model. Journal of Sport Tourism, 9(2), 127-140.
  • Cai, L. A. (1998). Analyzing household food expenditure patterns on trips and vacations: A tobit model. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 22(4), 338-358.
  • Cai, L. A., Hong, G., & Morrison, A. M. (1995). Household expenditure patterns for tourism products and services. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 4(4), 15-40.
  • Dardis, R., Derrick, F., Lehfeld, A., & Wolfe, K. E. (1981). Cross-section studies of recreation expenditures in the United States. Journal of Leisure Research, 13(3), 181-194.
  • Deery, M., Jago, L., & Fredline, L. (2004). Sport tourism or event tourism: are they one and the same? Journal of Sport Tourism, 9(3), 235-245.
  • Economic Research: Economic Impact of Travel in the U.S., 2008 (2009, June 8). Travel Industry Association of America. Retrieved from http://www.ustravel.org/researchpubs/ economic_research_impact_tourism.html
  • Fish, M., & Waggle, D. (1996). Current Income versus Total Expenditure Measures in Regression Models of Vacation and Pleasure Travel. Journal of Travel Research, 35, 70-74.
  • Gammon, S., & Robinson, T. (2004). A Question of Primary and Secondary Motives: Revisiting and Applying the Sport Tourism Framework. Journal of Sport Tourism, 9(3), 1-11.
  • Gibson, H. J. (1998a). The wide world of sport tourism. Journal of Parks & Recreation, 33(9), 108-114.
  • Gibson, H. J. (1998b). Active sport tourism: Who participates? Leisure Studies, 17, 155-170.
  • Gibson, H. J. (2003). Sport Tourism: An Introduction to the Special Issue. Journal of Sport Management, 17, 205-213.
  • Golf 20/20: Vision for the Future. (2009, October 24). The 2005 Golf Economy Report. Retrieved from http://www.golf2020.com/economicresearch.aspx.http://www. golf2020.com/CurrentNews/EconomicImpact_2005Golf EconomyReport_3.pdf
  • Gunn, T. (2003). Tour de France has come a long way in 100 years. Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved from http:// seattlepi.nwsource.com/othersports/129132_tour02.html
  • Hennessey, S. M., MacDonald, R., & MacEachern, M. (2008). A Framework for Understanding Golfing Visitors to a Destination. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 13(1), 5-35.
  • Hicks, L. (2011). University of Nevada, Las Vegas CITI Course in the Protection of Human Research Subjects [Electronic Version]. Internet Research. Retrieved from https://www.citiprogram.org/members/learnersII/moduletext. asp?strKeyID=5A81046F-655D-497E-9749- 2417B954D6ED-8646505&module=510
  • Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1980). The social psychology of leisure and recreation. Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown Company Publisher.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1982). Toward a social psychological theory of tourism motivation: A rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research, 9(2), 256-261.
  • Jang, S., Bai, B., Hong, G., & O'Leary, J. T. (2004). Understanding travel expenditure patterns: a study of Japanese pleasure travelers to the United States by income level. Tourism Management, 25, 331-341.
  • Kurtzman, J., & Zauhar, J. (2005a). Sports tourism consumer motivation. Journal of Sport Tourism, 10(1), 21-31.
  • Miller, R.K., & Washington, K. (2013a). Golf Tourism. In R.K., Miller & K. Washington. (Eds.), Travel & tourism market research Handbook (14th ed.; pp. 300-303). Atlanta, GA: Richard K. Miller & Associates.
  • Miller, R.K., & Washington, K. (2011b). Leisure Travel. In R.K., Miller & K. Washington. (Eds.), Travel & tourism market research handbook (12th ed.; pp. 317-320). Atlanta, GA: Richard K.
  • Miller & Associates. Mok, C., & Iverson, T.J. (2000). Expenditure-based segmentation: Taiwanese tourists to guam, Tourism Management, 21, 299-305.
  • Pedhazur, E. J. (1997). Multiple regression in behavioral research: Explanation and prediction (3rd ed.). United States: Wadsworth.
  • Robinson.T, & Gammon, S. (2004). A question of primary and secondary motives: revising and applying the sport tourism framework. Journal of Sport Tourism, 9(3) 221-233.
  • Seiler, V. L., Hsieh, S., Seiler, M. J., & Hsieh, C. (2002). Modeling travel expenditures for Taiwanese tourism. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 13(4), 47-60.
  • Snepenger, D., King, J., Marshall, E., & Uysal, M. (2006). Modeling Iso-Ahola's motivation theory in the tourism context. Journal of Travel Research, 45, 140-149.
  • Spots, D. M., & Mahoney, E. M. (1991). Segmenting visitors to a destination region based on the volume of their expenditure. Journal of Travel Research, 29(4), 24-31.
  • Standeven, J., & De Knop, P. (1999). Sport tourism (1st ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Tassiopoulos, D., & Haydam, N. (2008). Golf tourists in South Africa: A demand side study of a niche market in sport tourism. Tourism Management, 29, 870-882.
  • Thrane, C. (2002). Jazz festival visitors and their expenditures: linking spending patterns to musical interest. Journal of Travel Research, 40, 281-286.
  • U.S. Travel Association. (2013a, August 26). U.S. Travel Answer Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.ustravel.org/ sites/default/files/page/2009/11/US_Travel_Answer_ Sheet_March_2013.pdf
  • U.S. Travel Association. (2011b, November 19). Economic Impact of Travel And Tourism. Retrieved from http://www.ustravel.org/government-affairs/ travel-industry-economic-impact
  • Wang, Y., Rompf, P., Severt, D., & Peerapatdit, N. (2006). Examining and Identifying the Determinants of Travel Expenditure Patterns. International Journal of Tourism Research, 8, 333-346.
  • Weed, M., & Bull, C. (2004). Sport Tourism: participants, policy, and providers. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • Zikmund, W. G. (2003). Business research methods. Mason, OH: Thompson South-Western.

Abstract Views: 267

PDF Views: 4




  • The Impact of Travel Related Variables on Travel Expenditures for Sport Tourists

Abstract Views: 267  |  PDF Views: 4

Authors

Chris Brown
Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management Kennesaw State University, United States
Kurt A. Stahura
University of Nevada, Las Vegas (Singapore Campus) William F. Harrah College of Hotel Administration, Singapore

Abstract


The focus of this study was to identify the travel motivations that best predict expenditures on travel related variables for active sport tourists traveling to play golf. The targeted sample for this study was golfers from the United States who had traveled to play golf within the last two years. Regression analysis was used in the study to investigate the relationships between social psychological motives for tourism travel variables on the different categories of travel expenditures. Regression analysis revealed that overall, personal seeking (ps) motives were the most influential in explaining tourism expenditures with regards to travel related variables. This study's results illustrated that motivations for travel and travel expenditures are moderately connected and could be useful for understanding active sport tourists' travel expenditures, as well as having practical implications for sport marketers, sport organizations, and sport facilities.

Keywords


Tourism, Travel Motives, Golf, Sport, Expenditures.

References