International Journal of Knowledge Management and Practices

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Effect of New Media on Reporting Conflict in Kashmir


Affiliations
1 Department of Communication and Journalism, Arts College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


From the onset of ongoing conflict in Kashmir since 1989, the region has attracted tremendous media attention. Whether it is national media or international media, the news related to Kashmir conflict has never ceased to die. For whatever the outside world knows about Kashmir conflict or the perspective that people have about Kashmir, the credit goes to media. However, at the same time, what is reported from Kashmir is not always based on reality. And this type of coverage has increased mistrust and frustration against the media in the people of Kashmir. In order to tell the world the stories which are either left out or ignored by the mainstream media, they are uploaded through the Internet on social networking sites like YouTube, Facebook, WhatsApp groups by the new generation of techno-savvy youth of Kashmir, which are recognised as ‘Cyber activists’. The present paper is an attempt figure out the role of new media technology in highlighting ongoing conflict in Kashmir.

Methodology: This study based is on secondary sources available and attempts to understand the usage of new media tools like social networking sites during 2010, 2014, and 2016 uprisings in Kashmir. The study will adopt a broader approach in studying the emergence of Cyber activism during these uprisings and the debates they generated online.

Keywords

Conflict, Communication, Kashmir, New Media.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Jazeera, Al. (2016). Kashmir newspaper banned for inciting violence. Retrieved 25 January 2017

  • http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/10/kashmir-newspaperbanned-inciting-violence-161003061348246.html

  • Alieva, Y. (n.d.). The Role of the Mass Media in International Political Processes: The Syrian Conflict under Review. PhD Thesis School of International Relations, Chair of Conflictology, Public Relations and Journalism, Pyatigorsk State Linguistic University. Retrieved from https://www.pglu.ru/upload/iblock/d4f/alieva_en.pdf, retrieved on 24/12/17

  • Bazaz, P. N. (1978). The untold story of Kashmir politics: Democracy through intimidation and terror. Gulshan Books, Srinagar, Kashmir.

  • Figenschou, T. U. (2004). Courting, criticism, censorship and bombs, a study of the relationship between Al Jazeeraa Channel and the U.S. administration during the Iraq War 2003. Master’s thesis in journalism, University of Oslo.

  • Geelani, G. (2016). How India is censoring the Kashmir story daily O. 16 July 2016. Retrieved from https://www.dailyo.in/politics/kashmir-crisis-curfew-burhan-wanihizbulnewspaper-offices-seized-greater-rising-kashmir/story/1/11795.html)

  • Gustin, S. (2011). Social Media Sparked, Accelerated Egypt’s Revolutionary Fire. Wired. 2 November, 2011. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/2011/02/egypts-revolutionary-fire/

  • Hasan, R. (2011). Journalism in Kashmir: Law & Practice. A Thesis Submitted to The University of Kashmir for the Award of the Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy in Mass Communication and Journalism, Media Education Research Centre University of Kashmir Srinagar

  • Hoiby, M., & Ottosen, R. (2017). Journalism under pressure in conflict zones: A study of journalists and editors in seven countries. Media, War & Conflict, 1750635217728092. Retrieved from https://oda.hioa.no/nb/samlinger/asset/dspace:14796/Main%20document.pdf

  • Howard, R. (2002). Media and Peace Building. Retrieved from www.gppac.com/.../Media.../p1_1_operational.htm Hussein, M. (2009). Mass Media & Kashmir in 1900s. The Word press. June 16, 2009. Retrieved from https://kashmirian.wordpress.com/2009/06/16/mass-media-kashmir-in-1900s

  • Indian Express. (2016). Hizbul Mujahideen ‘poster boy’ Burhan Wani killed in joint encounter”. 8 July 2016 Interview in person with Shams Irfan in Srinagar. February 2017.

  • Kumar, D. (2006). Media, war, and propaganda: Strategies of information management during the 2003 Iraq war. Rutledge, Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies

  • Islam, A. (2016). How Indian and Pakistani media are covering Kashmir unrest. Deutsche Welle.20.09.2016. Retrieved from http://www.dw.com/en.how-Indian-and-pakistanimediaare-covering-kashmir-unrest/a-19562791

  • Teresa, J. (2000). Kashmir, Human Rights and the Indian Press. Contemporary South Asia, 9(1), 41-55. DOI: 10.1080/713658719. 2000.

  • Joshi, S. (2005). Withdraw Army from Kashmir, says Arundhati Roy. The Hindu. Aug 31, 2005. Retrieved from http:// www.thehindu.com/2005/08/31/stories/20050831127 11600.htm 20

  • Khan, W. S., & Smith, A. (2016). Kashmir Separatists Turn to Face book, WhatsApp in Fight Against India, NBC News. July 24 2016. Retrieved From

  • https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/kashmir-separatists-turn-facebook-whatsapp-fight-against-india-n614786

  • Lynch, J., & Galtung, J. (2010). Reporting conflict: New directions in peace journalism. Australia: University of Queensland Press.

  • Gladwell, M. (2010). Small change: Why the revolutions will not be tweeted. New Yorker, October 4, 2010. Retrieved from www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/10/04/101004fa_fact_gladwell

  • Mowlana, H., Gerbner, G., & Schiller, H. eds. (1992). Triumph of the image. Boulder: Westview

  • Naik, R. H. (2016). 2008, 2010, 2016: The Years May Have Changed, But in Kashmir the State Brutality Remains the Same.

  • Two Circles.net. July 18, 2016.Retrieved from http://twocircles.net/2016jul18/1468823811.html

  • Howard, P. N., & Hussain, M. M. (2011). The role of digital media. Journal of Democracy, 22(3), 35-36.

  • Puri, B. (1993). Kashmir: Towards insurgency. New Delhi: Orient Longman.

  • Rehman, S. (2005). The Media’s Role in Kashmir. Islamabad March 2005. Retrieved from http://sherryrehman.com/the-medias-role-in-kashmir-2005/

  • Rizvi, I. (2014). In defence of vernacular press, its future and challenges in Kashmir. Shabd Braham ISSN: 2320-0871. International Research Journal of Indian languages 17 December 2014. Retrieved from http://shabdbraham.com/ShabdB/archive/v3i2/sbd-v3-i2-sn2.pdf retrieved on 25/10/2016

  • Safi, M. (2017). WhatsApp warriors on the new frontline of Kashmir’s conflict. The Guardian. July 8, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/08/kashmir-whatsapp-warriors-frontline-conflict-india

  • Saha, A. (2017). Let’s talk about Kashmir: Social media has been a game changer, and militants have a head start. Hindustan Times. Jul 07, 2017. Retrieved from http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/let-s-talk-about-kashmir-social-media-has-been-a-game-changer-and-militants-have-a-head-start/story-YYem7Pqmq9xayv-vf6eaF3L.html retrieved on 12/10/2017

  • Sameer, Y. (2017). Kashmir unrest: What was the real death toll in the state in 2016? The First Post. Jan, 02 2017. Retrieved from http://www.firstpost.com/india/kashmir-unrest-what-was-the-real-death-toll-in-the-state-in-2016-3183290.html,

  • Sandhu, K. K. (2017). Cycle of violence in Kashmir: Spike in civilian deaths, injuries to security forces in Valley India today. Retrieved http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/jammu-kashmir-civilian-deaths-injuries-to-security-forces-valley/1/915526.html

  • Sanjana. (2008). Capturing violent conflict in Kashmir with mobile phones. Retrieved from https://ict4peace.

  • wordpress.com/2008/09/21/capturing-violent-conflict-in-kashmir-with-mobile-phones/

  • Aday, S., Farrell, H., Lynch, M., & George, J. S. (2010). Washington University John Kelly Morningside Analytics Ethan Zuckerman Berkman Center for Internet and Society, 2010 Blogs and Bullets new media in contentious politics by the United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved from https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/pw65.pdf & https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/120788/pw65.pdf

  • Khan, W. S., & Smith, A. (2016). Kashmir Separatists Turn to Facebook, WhatsApp in Fight Against India JUL 24 2016. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/kashmir-separatists-turn-facebook-whatsapp-fight-against-india-n614786

  • Singh, T. (1996). Kashmir: A tragedy of errors, p. 38. India. Penguin: Books.

  • Tarfe, A. (2016). The Problem with Media’s Patriotic Coverage of Jammu and Kashmir. Youth ki Awaz. 16 June 2016. Retrieved from https://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2016/06/press-coverage-of-jammu-kashmir/

  • Thakur, S. (2016). Making of a Social- Media Militant. The Telegraph. July 11, 2016. Retrieved from https://www.telegraphindia.com/1160711/jsp/frontpage/story_96017.jsp#.V5IDj-IrIdW

  • The Greater Kashmir. (2008). Amarnath land row Chronology of events, Aug 19 2008. Retrieved from http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/gk-magazine/amarnathland-row-chronology-of-events/38658.html)

  • The Greater Kashmir. (2016). Curfew lifted from entire Kashmir valley, says Div Com. Greater Kashmir. 31 August 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016

  • The Kashmir Monitor. (2016). Kashmir Separatists turn to Face book, WhatsApp. July 26, 2016. Retrieved from https://www.kashmirmonitor.in/Details/107296/kashmir-separatists-turn-to-facebook-whatsapp retrieved on 27 March 2017.

  • Wolfsfeld, G. (2004). Media and the path to peace. New York: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from http:// www.wilsoncenter.org/ Hamelink subsites/ccpdc/pubs/ media/medfr.htm, p. 13. Retrieved on January 21, 2002.


Abstract Views: 343

PDF Views: 0




  • Effect of New Media on Reporting Conflict in Kashmir

Abstract Views: 343  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Iram Rizvi
Department of Communication and Journalism, Arts College, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India

Abstract


From the onset of ongoing conflict in Kashmir since 1989, the region has attracted tremendous media attention. Whether it is national media or international media, the news related to Kashmir conflict has never ceased to die. For whatever the outside world knows about Kashmir conflict or the perspective that people have about Kashmir, the credit goes to media. However, at the same time, what is reported from Kashmir is not always based on reality. And this type of coverage has increased mistrust and frustration against the media in the people of Kashmir. In order to tell the world the stories which are either left out or ignored by the mainstream media, they are uploaded through the Internet on social networking sites like YouTube, Facebook, WhatsApp groups by the new generation of techno-savvy youth of Kashmir, which are recognised as ‘Cyber activists’. The present paper is an attempt figure out the role of new media technology in highlighting ongoing conflict in Kashmir.

Methodology: This study based is on secondary sources available and attempts to understand the usage of new media tools like social networking sites during 2010, 2014, and 2016 uprisings in Kashmir. The study will adopt a broader approach in studying the emergence of Cyber activism during these uprisings and the debates they generated online.

Keywords


Conflict, Communication, Kashmir, New Media.

References