To Assess the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching (vat) on Needle Stick Injury Regarding Knowledge and Attitude of Staff Nurses Working in Selected Hospitals of Karnataka

Background&objectives

Two million injuries from needle stick and other sharp objects occur to the world's 35 million health care workers each year. In which needle stick injuries are main cause of disabilities among health care workers. The nurses suffer the most needle stick injuries of all health care workers, an average of 1-4 needle stick injuries per year exposing them to over 20 different blood borne pathogens. The most common blood borne pathogens are HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. In November 2002, the world health report published data demonstrating that 2.5% of HIV infections among health care workers and 40% of hepatitis B and C infections are the result of needle stick injuries.

Methods

An evaluative research approach with quasi- experimental Pretest and Posttest control group design adopted. The study includes 60 staff nurses who were selected as sample by non probability purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted in selected hospitals of Hassan. Demographic data, structured knowledge, attitude questionnaire and video assisted teaching (VAT) were implemented for data collection procedure. The tool was finalized by consulting seven experts in the field of nursing. Pilot study was done for its clarity, unambiguity&feasibility on similar subject. To analyze the experimental data, statistical analysis was used. Demographic data of the staff nurses were presented in graphs. Association of variables was tested by Chi-square with Yates correction and Fisher exact test.

Results

It was observed that the over all post-test mean percentage of knowledge and attitude was higher (88% and 83.2%) in experimental group than in control group (37.86% and 54.6%) respectively, where't' value were knowledge (t=26.67 at p<0.001) and attitude (t=16.32 at p<0.001). The finding signifies that the video assisted teaching was effective to enhance the knowledge and to mould attitude of staff nurses.

Interpretation & Conclusion

Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data. The data analysis was carried out on the basis of objectives and hypothesis of the study and has been presented on the sample characteristics. Overall mean knowledge scores (pre test=13.53, post test= 26.66) and mean attitude scores are (pre test= 43.39, post test= 74.92). Knowledge (43.90%) and attitude (54.60%) scores of staff nurses were less before administration of VAT. After administration of VAT the scores of knowledge (88%) and attitude (83.20%) increased significantly. There was no association between knowledge and attitude level with selected demographic variables. The Independent't' value (knowledge= 26.67, attitude= 16.32) was greater than table value at p<0.001 level of significance. This indicates that VAT was significantly effective in increasing the knowledge and attitude level of staff nurses.