Role of Oxidative Stress in Development of Nephropathy in Diabetic Patients

Diabetes Nephropathy is a major microvascular complication of Diabetes Mellitus and the most common cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) worldwide. Hyperglycemia, a well recognized pathogentic factor of long term complications of Diabetes Mellitus, generates ROS. This attenuates antioxidative mechanisms through glycation of the scavenging enzymes. Excess amount of ROS modulate activation of protein kinaseC, mitogin activated protien kinares and various cytokines and transcription factors which eventually cause increased expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes with progression of fibrosis and end stage renal disease. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate oxidant and antioxidant status in Diabetic patients for manifesting the progression to diabetic nephropathy.