The Effects of Cigarette Smoke on Serum Immunoglobulin Levels of Patient with Chronic Periodontitis (Comparative Study)

The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the periodontal health status and the concentration of serum immunoglobulins by using clinical and immunological analysis between smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis. Total sample composed of forty participants, twenty subjects smokers with chronic periodontitis (group 1) and twenty subjects non-smokers with chronic periodontitis (group 2). All periodontal parameters and serumsample for immunological analysis for (IgA, IgG, IgM) were taken in the same visit. The periodontal parameters include: Plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) were recorded. The result showes that there was non-significant difference for mean of PLI, G.I and PPD between group 1 and group 2, but with highly significant difference in the mean of CAL the inter group comparison of serum IgA IgG concentration showed a significant different between group 1 and group 2. But there was no-significant difference between group 1 and group 2 considering the mean of serum IgM concentration. The present study indicate that there is association between cigarette smoking and increase periodontal parameters which include PLI.GI, CAL, and PPD with the suppression of immunoglobulin production.