Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

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Seasonal Variation and Malaria in Endemic Mangalore City in South India


Affiliations
1 Tutor, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
2 Professor and Head, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka
3 Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
4 Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
5 Professor and Head, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
6 Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
     

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Background: In the year 2017 India has contributed to 4% of global malaria cases and Mangalore is endemic to malaria. Malaria transmission also depends on the season of the year, i.e. the wet or dry season. Regardless of huge endemicity and massive health burden, at present limited data has been documented on malaria prevalence and factors contributing to prevalence of malaria and its association with seasonal factors in Mangalore region.

Objective: To study the seasonal variations in malaria burden and species prevalence in Mangalore.

Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at District hospital.

Methods and Material: Patients with microscopically confirmed malaria attending the District hospital were included in the study. Demographic details were collected from participants.

Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics.

Results: In this region malaria is present all around the year and Plasmodium vivax is more predominant than Plasmodium falciparum. The number of cases peaks during the rainy season suggesting that high rains provide an ideal environment for malaria transmission.

Conclusions: A complex relationship exists between rainfall, temperature, occupation and malaria. Implementing malaria elimination interventions such as preventing water clogging, cleaning the water bodies and increasing awareness for use of prevention practices might help in reducing malaria burden in Mangalore.


Keywords

Malaria, Infectious Disease, Public Health, Mangalore, India.
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  • Seasonal Variation and Malaria in Endemic Mangalore City in South India

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Authors

Rakshita Maskeri
Tutor, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Animesh Jain
Professor and Head, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka
Sheetal Ullal
Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Suchitra Shenoy
Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Damodar Shenoy
Professor and Head, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Sharada Rai
Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

Abstract


Background: In the year 2017 India has contributed to 4% of global malaria cases and Mangalore is endemic to malaria. Malaria transmission also depends on the season of the year, i.e. the wet or dry season. Regardless of huge endemicity and massive health burden, at present limited data has been documented on malaria prevalence and factors contributing to prevalence of malaria and its association with seasonal factors in Mangalore region.

Objective: To study the seasonal variations in malaria burden and species prevalence in Mangalore.

Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at District hospital.

Methods and Material: Patients with microscopically confirmed malaria attending the District hospital were included in the study. Demographic details were collected from participants.

Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics.

Results: In this region malaria is present all around the year and Plasmodium vivax is more predominant than Plasmodium falciparum. The number of cases peaks during the rainy season suggesting that high rains provide an ideal environment for malaria transmission.

Conclusions: A complex relationship exists between rainfall, temperature, occupation and malaria. Implementing malaria elimination interventions such as preventing water clogging, cleaning the water bodies and increasing awareness for use of prevention practices might help in reducing malaria burden in Mangalore.


Keywords


Malaria, Infectious Disease, Public Health, Mangalore, India.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.37506/v11%2Fi1%2F2020%2Fijphrd%2F193874