Expression of Amylin and Preptinin Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most worldwide spread chronic diseases, and its complications are very serious if it is untreated. Type‑2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is reported to be caused by obesity and sedentary life style. DM plays a role in accelerating the hardening and narrowing of the arteries. Preptin and amylin are pancreatic hormones which participate in glucose homeostasis. In T2DM patientsamylin peptids can be toxic to β‑cells of pancreas due to Amyloid deposits within these cells, supporting the idea that islet amyloid might have an important role in the pathogenesis of T2DM.preptin is a peptide hormone that is secreted with insulin and amylin from the pancreatic β‑cells. The study planned to investigate the relationship between serum amyline and preptinlevelsin patients with T2DM compared to healthy controls and to study their associations together (preptin and amylin) with serum levels of insulin and HOMA‑IR. Sixty‑four (64) patients were recruited from the Endocrine Outpatient clinic in Al‑Imamain Al‑Kadhimain city hospital from March of 2018 to May of 2018. Fasting serum samples were obtained on enrolment. (mean age, (61.73± 8.05) years;mean duration of diabetes, (8.77±2.66) years; mean HbA1c, (8.1 ± 1.7) with T2DM and body mass index (BMI) > 25.1 kg/m² underwent examination. Age, sex and (BMI) matched with thirty eight(38) healthy controls were also in ruled,Serum preptin and amylin levels were measured by ELISA technique. There was statistically significant difference between patients and controls serum amylin (p=0.023) and preptin (p=0.01).Patients with T2DM had significantly higher blood glucose (p=0.0001), HbA1c (p=0.0001), insulin (p=0.0001), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‑IR) (p=0.001)compared to healthy control,while total cholesterol was positively related (p=0.111) triglyceride, low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol values were (p<0.001 for each), and significantly lower high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with the control group (p<0.0001). The preptin level demonstrated a significant positive association with insulin and HOMA‑IR compared with healthy control. (for healthy control group: r=0.381,p=0.146, r=0.133,p=0.438) respectively; for T2DM group: (r=0.411,p=0.02, r=0.332,p=0.003), The amylin level also showed a significant positive correlation with insulin and HOMA‑IR compared with healthy control. (for healthy control group: r= 0.188,p=0.309, r= ‑0.039,p=0.911) respectively; for T2DM group: (r=0.279,p=0.002, r=0.291,p=0.003),Conclusions: There were significant differences between healthy control and patients with T2DM concerning amylin and preptin levels. Serum Amylin and preptin increase in association with insulin in diabetic conditions. The present study suggests a potential role of amyline and preptin in the pathogenesis of T2DM