A Three-Years Survival Rates of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Targeted Therapy

Introduction: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell cancer driven by the BCRABL fusion protein that arises from the translocation of chromosomes 9 and 22. Since the found of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) as a targeted therapy, the relative survival rate of 5 years has significantly increased compared to the era of the use of previous agents. As a successful leukemia treatment, it can be seen based on the survival rate. Several factors have been known to influence the survival and prognosis of CML patients, including the age of the patient at diagnosis, gender, and response to therapy and treatment. This study aims to determine how many a three-year survival rates for CML patients with targeted therapy in Makassar and the factors that affect survival.

Method: This study used a retrospective cohort using secondary data (medical records) of CML subjects who had been outpatient or inpatient followed in the same time period. The study was conducted in January 2015 to December 2017 at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. The samples consisted of 108 subjects who met the inclusion criteria. Gender, age, BCR-ABL transcript, targeted therapy and status were taken from medical records. Data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 version and survival analysis, Meier Kapplan curves, survival median, log-rank and test statistic.

Results: There were 108 subjects of CML patients who received targeted therapy, 58 male (53.7%), 30-39 years old 32 subjects (29.6%), b3a2 transcript 67 subjects (73.6%), Imanitib 62 subjects (57.4%) and status for 36 months was followed during the targeted treatment of dead 19 subjects (17.6%) and alive 89 (82.4%). The survival rate of a three years CML subjects who received targeted therapy of 51%, found no significant relationship between gender, age, and targeted therapy.

Conclusion: The survival rate of three years of CML patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar Hospital is 51% and factors related to age, gender, and targeted therapy tend to influence even though statistically not significant,