Nano Structured Bioactive Glass on Dental Disease

Bioactive Glass (BG) has recently become one of the most promising biomaterials, a consequence of discoveries that its unusual properties elicit specific biological responses inside the body. Recent developments in nanotechnology have introduced opportunities for materials sciences to advance dental and bone therapies. The first generation biomaterials were selected to be as bio-inert as possible and thereby minimize formation of scar tissue at the interface with host tissues. Bioactive glasses were discovered in 1969 and provided for the first time an alternative; the second generation, interfacial bonding of an implant with host tissues. Tissue regeneration and repair using the gene activation properties of Bioglass provide a third generation of biomaterials. Among these important properties are the capability of BG to form strong interfaces with both hard and soft tissues, and its release of ions upon dissolution. Bioactive glass can also be used as a tooth paste, these kinds of toothpastes are used, Bioglass particles adhere to the dentine and form aHAp layer; therefore, blocking of the tubules relieves the pain for longer periods. Bioactive glass is an effective remineralizing agent as the effects of bioactive glass containing products were investigated on remineralization of artificial induced carious enamel lesion. This review is to identify the status and usage of nano structured bioactive glass on dental disease.