Optimizing Bone Wound Healing Using BMP2 with BDNF in Osteoporotic Rats: Histological Evaluation

Background: Bone is a high vascular tissue and resilient organ with intuitive healing ability. Bone tissue contains multipotent stromal cells which have the ability to differentiate into different specialized cells. Induced stem cells have been developed by various growth factors. Using of biomaterial and growth factor is one of the most commonly used as new tissue engineering strategies. Aim of the study: To evaluate the effect of application of a combination bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP‑2) with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as biomaterial to enhance bone healing in osteoporotic rat . Materials and Method: Twenty female Wistar rat(10 normal rat and other 10 induced osteoporotic rat). Bone defects (3mm)was created in femur of each rat,one in the left side that left to heal spontaneously without any application,while the right side with application of a combination of 0.5 μl of BMP2 and 1μl of BDNF .Evaluation of histological changes includes bone cell counting and scoring of inflammation were estimated at different periods. Results: Histological examination of Bone healing with application of BMP2 & BDNF for normal and osteoporotic rat shows formation of woven bone and bone trabeculae that filled most of bone hole with minimal inflammatory response and with a significant differences value in comparism to inapplicable bone. Conclusion: The study concludes that application of the combination of BMP-2 & BDNF enhanced bone repair in osteoporotic rat.