Gene Polymorphism of CSN1S1 and CSN3 Gene Associated with Casein Production Milk Trait in Iraqi Buffaloes (Bubalusbubalis)

Twenty-four blood samples of lactating Iraqi buffaloes were analyzed for the presence of CSN1S1 and CSN3 genes using two pair primers to amplify 314bpand 453bp DNA fragment, respectively. Most investigated samples showed the presence of the CSN1S1 gene. In contrast, all samples showed the presence of CSN3 gene. Sequence analysis of both CSN1S1 and CSN3 genes were analyze using Blast algorithmic tool. The results showed that most of the investigated animals resemble those of the Middle East and Asian buffaloes at a percentage of 100% .Moreover, some of investigated genes showed little differences than animals of the other countries by having polymorphism genes posing DNA mutations. Most mutations were either insertion or transition mutation and located between 10936-10938 region. In conclusion, the mutations occur in these genes, which play a role in milk productivity may face unflavored climate condition in the summer in the south of Iraq.