Measurement Serum Level of Interleukin-34 in Patients with SLE and Healthy Control

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by abnormal function of T-cells and B-cells involving production of autoantibodies and different type of interleukins including complement activation and multiple tissue damage accompanied with different clinical manifestation, all of this happened along with break tolerance. Many researches revealed a key role of interleukins and other biological molecules in SLE patients. Interleukin 34 responsible for increasing differentiation and surviving of autoimmune cells in SLE. Objective: This study was aimed to estimate the concentration of IL-34 SLEpatients in compare with healthy people. Materials and Method: This is a case-control study accomplished in the Advisory Clinic for Rheumatic Diseases Center in Al-Najaf city, for the period from December 2018 to August 2019. A total of 60 individuals were included in this study, 30 were diagnosed with SLEby specialist rheumatogy physician, and 30 were healthy controls. Blood sample were collected by venipuncture from 30 patients and 30 healthy controls under sterilized technique and putting in gel tube which then used in sandwich ELISA technique to detect serum level of IL-34. All data that include age, gender, residence and history of autoimmune diseases were collected from all participants. The data were analyzed by using the statistical package social system (SPSS). Results: This study show that level of IL-34were significantly higher in SLE patients (49.58±64.03) than in control (0.4±1.25). It is also found that the prevalence of SLE was higher in female in comparewith male26 (86.7%) to 4 (13.3%) respectively. It also found that SLEwas more frequent in age interval from (31-50) years old. Conclusion: Elevation of Il-34 concentration may play important role in pathogenesis of SLE, SLE most commonly affectfemales age groups (31-50 years old).