The Development of T-CBT Model to Improve the Competence of Midwives in Prevention Depression of Sexual Violence Victims

Background:Around 15 million adolescent girls aged 15-19 years old experience sexual violence. Based on data from 28 countries, 90 percent of girls in that country admitted the perpetrators of violence acts were people they knew. This literature review aimed to identify and explain empirical facts of research on sexual violence in children. It also detected the acts early and formulated the prevention of persistent depression. This study explained the influence of applying the T-CBT model on the increasing midwife competence in the service of depressed children due to sexual violence.

Material and Method:The literature sources were from online journal databases published by PubMed, Proquest, Google Scholar, and other sources like Indonesian Child Protection Commission Report, P2TP2A, Indonesian Midwives Association, and relevant theses and dissertations. The data were all documents published in the last 10 years from 2008-2019 collected manually and systematically.

Findings and Discussion:The T-CBT model was proven effective in preventing trauma and severe anxiety in victims of the child due to sexual violence. Empirical facts showed the impact of emotional reactivity and depressive symptoms such as ideas and attempted suicide, as well as emotional distress. The results of other studies also indicated a moderate relationship between psychopathology and objective characteristics of abuse, such as the number and types of violent incidents and the duration of abuse. The obstacles most often experienced by teenagers were having parents with a history of mental illness, intimidation, divorce, or separation from parents, physical, emotional, or sexual abuse, as well as child neglect and traumatic incidents.

Conclusion:The CBT model is a service strategy that strengthens behavioral skills-based interventions, information-based needs, family and parent involvement, and midwife services with a patient-therapist approach, and respects the needs of traumatized adolescents.