Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

A Study on Nutritional and Immunization Status of under Five Children in an Urban Slum of Bhubaneswar, Odisha


Affiliations
1 Department of Community Medicine, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
2 IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
3 Dept. of Pediatrics, KIMS, Bhubaneswar, India
4 Department of Community Medicine, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Background: According to National Family Health Survey - 3 (NFHS-3, 2005-2006), in India, percentage of children (under 3 years) who are stunted are 38 percent, wasted are 19 percent, and underweight are 46 percent.

Objectives: To assess the nutritional and immunization status among under 5 children and to identify the associated factors.

Methodology: In a community based cross sectional survey conducted during May - June 2011 in an urban slum area of Bhubaneswar, a total of 124 children were included. Data on age, sex, family size, socio economic status, per capita monthly income, no. of siblings, H/O passing worms etc. were collected. Their height and weight were recorded along with assessment of immunization status.

Results: It was found that 28.2% of under 5 children were low weight for age. Stunting and wasting was found in 23.4% and 21.8% of children respectively. Under nutrition was more among girls (35.18%) and children of 3-5 years age (29.41%). Under nutrition was found significantly higher among children of illiterate mother (P=0.026), working mother (P=0.011), low social class (P=0.015), children with more no. of siblings (P=0.046) and higher birth order (P=0.023). The other co-morbidities observed were worm infestation (8.06%), anaemia (8.06%), diarrhoea (5.64%) and vitamin A deficiency (1.61%). 43.33% of under 5 children were completely immunized at one year of age and 41.11% were partially immunized.

Conclusion: Health and nutritional education and behaviour change communication activities can be undertaken in the slum for early recognition of under-nutrition.


Keywords

Low Weight for Age, Under Nutrition, Stunting, Wasting
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • The feeding and care of infants & young children, Dr. Shanti Ghosh, Voluntary Health Association of India, New Delhi, 2nd edition, 1977, Page 73.

  • UNICEF INDIA: (Source NFHS, 2005-2006).

  • Trends in Children’s Nutritional Status (2007). National Fact Sheet India (NFHS-3). Available from: http://www. nfhsindia.org / factsheet.html.

  • Students’ Handbook for IMNCI. Integrated management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness, Ministry of health & family welfare, Government of India, 2007.

  • Ghosh S & Shah D, Nutritional problems in Slum children, Indian Pediatrics, 2004; 41:682-696.

  • www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/en/

  • Mukhopadhyay DK & Biswas AB, Food Security and Anthropometric Failure Among Tribal Children in Bankura, West Bengal, Indian Pediatrics, 2011; VOLUME 48__APRIL 17.

  • Bhanderi D and Choudhary SK, An epidemiological study of Health and Nutritional status of under five children in semi-urban community of Gujarat, Ind J Public Health, 2006; 50 (4):213-219.

  • Ray SK, Biswas AB,Dasgupta S and Mukherjee D, Rapid Assessment of Nutritional Status and Dietary Pattern in Municipal Area, Ind J Community Medicine, Vol. 25, No. 1 (2000-01 - 2000-03)

  • Panda P, Benjamin AI, Zachariah P, Health status of under fives in a Ludhiana slum. Health and Population - Perspectives and Issues, 1993; 16(3&4):133-141.

  • Trakroo P, Health of the Urban Poor in India, Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 1992; XVII (3):86-92.


Abstract Views: 566

PDF Views: 0




  • A Study on Nutritional and Immunization Status of under Five Children in an Urban Slum of Bhubaneswar, Odisha

Abstract Views: 566  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Lipilekha Patnaik
Department of Community Medicine, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
Sumitra Pattanaik
IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
E Venkata Rao
IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
Sibabratta Patnaik
Dept. of Pediatrics, KIMS, Bhubaneswar, India
Trilochan Sahu
Department of Community Medicine, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar

Abstract


Background: According to National Family Health Survey - 3 (NFHS-3, 2005-2006), in India, percentage of children (under 3 years) who are stunted are 38 percent, wasted are 19 percent, and underweight are 46 percent.

Objectives: To assess the nutritional and immunization status among under 5 children and to identify the associated factors.

Methodology: In a community based cross sectional survey conducted during May - June 2011 in an urban slum area of Bhubaneswar, a total of 124 children were included. Data on age, sex, family size, socio economic status, per capita monthly income, no. of siblings, H/O passing worms etc. were collected. Their height and weight were recorded along with assessment of immunization status.

Results: It was found that 28.2% of under 5 children were low weight for age. Stunting and wasting was found in 23.4% and 21.8% of children respectively. Under nutrition was more among girls (35.18%) and children of 3-5 years age (29.41%). Under nutrition was found significantly higher among children of illiterate mother (P=0.026), working mother (P=0.011), low social class (P=0.015), children with more no. of siblings (P=0.046) and higher birth order (P=0.023). The other co-morbidities observed were worm infestation (8.06%), anaemia (8.06%), diarrhoea (5.64%) and vitamin A deficiency (1.61%). 43.33% of under 5 children were completely immunized at one year of age and 41.11% were partially immunized.

Conclusion: Health and nutritional education and behaviour change communication activities can be undertaken in the slum for early recognition of under-nutrition.


Keywords


Low Weight for Age, Under Nutrition, Stunting, Wasting

References