Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

A Study of Oxidative Stress and Altered Endothelial Cell Function in Preeclampsia


Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad- 201009, India
2 Department of Biochemistry, VMMC and Safdarjang Hospital, Delhi- 110029, India
3 Department of Physiology, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad- 201009, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Preeclampsia is a complex multisystem disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. It is one of the most common and potentially fatal complications of pregnancy. A case control study was carried out to assess the levels of homocysteine, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in patients with preeclampsia. Fasting venous samples were collected during antepartum period and serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and uric acid were measured. In the preeclamptic group, Hcy and MDA levels were significantly raised while antioxidant ascorbic acid level was significantly reduced (p < 0.01) and uric acid concentration was increased significantly (p <0.01). These findings suggest that Hcy and lipid peroxidation are associated with preeclampsia. In preeclampsia, antioxidants are extensively utilized to counter act the cellular changes and endothelial dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress. Placental oxidative stress which results from the ischemic reperfusion injury is reported to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia.

Keywords

Preeclampsia, Homocysteine, Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidants
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Niyazi T, Hasnu C, Gurkan C, Ogaz O, Ahmet A. The correlation between plasma homocysteine and malondialdehyde level in preeclampsia. Journal of Neuroendocrinolgy 2003; 24 (6): 446- 448.

  • Vilare K, Say L, Gulmezoglu AM, Merialdi M, Lindleimer MD, Betran AP, Piaggio G. Eclampsia and preeclampsia: a health problem for 2000 years. London : RCOG Press; 2003: 189.

  • Mabie WC, Sibai BM. Hypertensive states of pregnancy. In: Decherney AH, Pernoll M, editors: Current obstetrics and gynecologic diagnosis and treatment. USA: Appleton and Lange; 1994: 380.

  • Packer JE, Slater TF, Wilson RL. Direct observation of a free radical interaction between Vitamin E and Vitamin C. Nature 1979; 278: 737- 738.

  • Atamer Y, Kocyigit Y, Yokus B. Lipid peroxidation , antioxidant defense , status of trace metals and leptin levels in preeclampsia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2005; 119: 60-66.

  • Hung TH, Skepper JN, Chamock- Jones DS. Hypoxia reoxygenation: a potent inducer inducer of apoptotic changes in the human placenta and possible etiological factor in preeclampsia. Circ Res 2002; 90: 1274-1281.

  • Agrawal A, Gupta S, Sharma R. Oxidative stress and its complications in female infertility – a clinician perspective. Reprod Biomed 2005; II (5): 641-650.

  • Yoneyama Y, Sawa R, Suzuki S. Relationship between plasma malondialdehyde levels and adenosine deaminase activities in preeclampsia. Clin Chim Acta 2002; 322:169- 173.

  • Sikkema JM, Van Rijn BB, Franx A. Placental superoxide is increased in preeclampsia. Placenta 2001; 22: 304-308.

  • Refsum H, Uelend PM, Nygard O, Brattstroml L, Vollet SE. Total homocysteine and cardiovascular disease. Journal Internal Medicine 1999; 246: 425-454.

  • Wakler MC, Smith GN, Perkins SL, Kelly EJ, Garner PR. Changer in homocysteine levels during normal pregnancy. American Journal of Obst. and Gynaecology 1999:180(3):660-664.

  • Hajjar KA. Homocysteine : a sulph’rous fire. J Clin Invest 2001; 107: 663- 664.

  • Pressman EK, Cavanaugh KL, Mingione M. Effects of maternal antioxidant supplementation on maternal and fetal antioxidant levels: a randomized, double blind study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189: 1720- 1725.

  • Raijmakers MT, DeChend R, Poston L. Oxidative stress and preeclampsia: rationale for antioxidant Oxidative stress and preeclampsia clinical trials. Hypertension 2004; 44: 374- 380.

  • Gastrich MD, Faro R, Rosen T. Markers of preeclampsia and the relationship to cardiovascular disease: review of the twenty first century literature. Journal of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 2010; 23(8): 751- 768.

  • Shibata E, Nanri H, Ejima K. Enhancement of mitochondrial oxidative stress and upregulation of antioxidant protein peroxidation III/ SP-22 in the mitochondria of preeclamptic placentae. Placenta 2003; 24: 698- 705.

  • Van Beck E, Peeters LL. Pathogenesis of preeclampsia: a comprehensive model. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1998; 53: 233-239.

  • Gupta S, Agrawal A, Sharma RK. The role of placental oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2005; 60 (12): 807- 817.

  • Ranta V, Viinikka L, Halmesmaki E. Nitric oxide production with preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 93: 442-445.

  • Sharma JB, Sharma L, Bahadur A, Vimala N, Satyam A, Mittal S. Oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2006; 94: 23-27.

  • Bowen RS, Moodley J, Dutton MF, Theron AJ. Oxidative stress in preeclampsia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001; 80(8): 719- 725.

  • de la Calle M, Usandizaga R, Sancha M. Homocystine, folic acid and B group vitamins in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2003; 107: 125-134.

  • Iqbal MP, Lindblad BS, Mehboobali N, Yousuf FA, Khan AH,. Iqbal SP. Folic acid and vitamin B6 deficiencies related to hyperhomocysteinemia in apparently healthy Pakistani adults in mass micronutrient supplementation indicated in this population. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2009; 19: 308- 312.

  • Nelen WL, Bulten J, Steegers EA, Blom HJ, Hanselaar AG. Maternal homocysteine and chorionic vascularisation in recurrent early pregnancy loss. Hum Reprod 2000; 15: 954- 960.

  • Welch GN, Loscalzo J. Homoysteine and atherothrombosis. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 1042-1050.

  • Loscalzo J. The oxidative stress of hyperhomocysteinemia. J Clin Invest 1996; 98 : 5-7.

  • Vanderjagt DJ, Patel RJ, EL- Nafty AU, Melah GS, Crossey MJ. High density lipoprotein and homocysteine levels correlate inversely in preeclamptic women in Northern Nigeria. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 2004; 83 (6): 536- 542.

  • Rajkovic A, Mahomed K, Malinow MR, Sorensen TK, Woelk GB, Williams MA. Plasma homocysteine concentrations in eclamptic and preeclamptic African women postpartum. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1999; 94: 355- 360.

  • Riza Madazali, Ali Benian Koray Gumata. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in preeclampsia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol and Reprod Biol 1999; 85 (2): 205-208.

  • Wang Yand, Walsh SW. Antioxidant activities and mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in normal and preeclamptic placenta. J Soc Gynecol Investig 1996; 3: 179- 184.

  • Chappel LC, Seed PT, Briley A, Kelly SRN, Frank J, Hunt BJ. A longitudinal study of biochemical variables in women at risk of preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002; 187 (1): 127- 136.


Abstract Views: 335

PDF Views: 0




  • A Study of Oxidative Stress and Altered Endothelial Cell Function in Preeclampsia

Abstract Views: 335  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Juhi Aggarwal
Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad- 201009, India
Mayur Kumar
Department of Biochemistry, VMMC and Safdarjang Hospital, Delhi- 110029, India
Narendra Kumar
Department of Physiology, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad- 201009, India

Abstract


Preeclampsia is a complex multisystem disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. It is one of the most common and potentially fatal complications of pregnancy. A case control study was carried out to assess the levels of homocysteine, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in patients with preeclampsia. Fasting venous samples were collected during antepartum period and serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and uric acid were measured. In the preeclamptic group, Hcy and MDA levels were significantly raised while antioxidant ascorbic acid level was significantly reduced (p < 0.01) and uric acid concentration was increased significantly (p <0.01). These findings suggest that Hcy and lipid peroxidation are associated with preeclampsia. In preeclampsia, antioxidants are extensively utilized to counter act the cellular changes and endothelial dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress. Placental oxidative stress which results from the ischemic reperfusion injury is reported to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia.

Keywords


Preeclampsia, Homocysteine, Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidants

References