Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy-An International Journal

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Effect of Strengthening Exercises of Shoulder Muscles on Hand Functions in Spastic hemiplegic Cerebral Palsied Children


Affiliations
1 Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia
2 Paediatric physical therapy Department, College of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
3 Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Objective: To determine the effect of strengthening exercises of shoulder muscles on hand functions in spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsied children.

Methods: The study was carried out on thirty spastic hemiplegic children of both sexes (15 females and 15 males) divided into equal groups A and B. Their age ranged from six to ten years old. The muscular strength of shoulder flexors and extensors were evaluated by Biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Their hand functions were evaluated by using Peadody developmental motor scales(PDMS).prior and after six months of rehabilitation program. Group A received the traditional physiotherapy program. While group B received strengthening exercises program for shoulder muscles in addition to the traditional physiotherapy program .

Results: Patients of group (B) improved in age equivalent of grasping by 42.4% with SD 1.27±0.46, Values of peak torque (flexion) improved 8.9 with SD 10.29±1.04 and values of peak torque (extension) improved 1.57 with SD 9.92±0.63

Conclusion: The study showed significant improvement in group B more than group A. for age equivalent of grasping and peak torque of flexors and extensors of shoulder muscles.


Keywords

Strengthening, Exercises, Hand functions and Spastic Hemiplegic
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Rosenbaum P, Paneth N, Leviton A, Goldstein M, Bax M . A Report. The Definition and Classification of Cerebral Palsy April 2006. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology Journal Supplement, 2007: 49:8-14.

  • Bland DC, Prosser LA, Bellini LA, et al. Tibialis anterior architecture, strength, and gait in individuals with cerebral palsy. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44:509-517.

  • Chen LW, Wang J, Wang ZM, et al. Biomechanical analysis of gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Zhongguo Yundong Yixue Zazhi. 2009;6:644-646.

  • Kwak EE. Effect of rhythmic auditory stimulation on gait performance in children with spastic cerebral palsy. J Music Ther. 2007;44:198-216.

  • Galli M, Cimolin V, Valente EM, et al. Computerized gait analysis of botulinum toxin treatment in children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2007;29:659-664.

  • Romkes J, Peeters W, Oosterom AM, et al. Evaluating upper body movements during gait in healthy children and children with diplegic cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2007;16:175- 180.

  • Yan HG, Wang X. The Basic Action Principle and Analysis of Sports. Shenyang: Teaching Affairs Division of Shenyang Sport University. 2007.

  • Li K. Research advancement of children’s gait. Tiyu Kexue. 2009;10:72-75.

  • Zhou AY, Li H, Huang DF. Gait analysis in normal children of pre-school age with visual press gait analysis system. Zhongguo Linchuang Kangfu. 2005;9:115-117.

  • Qian JG. The biomechanics principle of walking and analysis on gaits. Nanjing Tiyu Xueyuan Xuebao. 2006;5:4.

  • Ying H, Wang ZZ, Yu WX, et al. Characteristic index of motor analysis system in children. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanju yu Linchuang Kangfu. 2007;44: 8882-8886.

  • Van de Walle P, Hallemans A, Schwartz M, et al. Mechanical energy estimation during walking: validity and sensitivity in typical gait and in children with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture. 2012;35:231-237.

  • Duff, S., Cook, A. and Woollacott, M.H. (2001): Clinical management of the patient with reach, grasp and manipulation disorders. In: Cook A and Woolacott MH. Motor Control, Theroy and Practical Applications: 2nd ed., Williams and Wilkins Co., Lippincott

  • Ramsy K, Weber N. The effect of hip flexion angles. Dev Med Child Neurol 1986;26(5): 601–616.

  • An K, Chao E, Corney W. Focus in the normal and abnormal hand. J Ortho Res 2000;12:202–11.

  • Sackly L. Low temperature hand splinting with thermoplastic materials. Phys Ther 1991;70(9):341–5.

  • Bohannon RW and Smith MB : Inter-Reliability of Modified Ashworth Scale of Muscle Spasticity. J. Physical Therapy, 1987:Vol.: 67: (2), pp. : 206-20

  • Lepage K, Sullivan S, Perry J. General characteristics of children with cerebral palsy. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1998;76(3):219–225.

  • Myers R. Two patterns of brain damage and their conditions of occurrence. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003, 112, 246, 276.

  • Schneck C. Visual perception. In: Case-Smith J, editor. Occupational therapy for children. St. Louis, USA: Mosby; 2005. p.431–40.

  • Case-Smith J. Development of childhood occupations. In: Case-Smith J, editor. Occupational therapy for children. St. Louis,USA: Mosby; 2005. p. 92–109.

  • Brown, J.K.; Rensburg, van E.; Walsh, G.; Lakie, M. and Wright, G.W. : A neurological study of hand function of hemiplegic children. Dev. Med. Child Neurol.1987: 29:284-304.

  • Lesny’, A.; Tomasek, J.; Tomankova, A. and Havlicek, I. : Sensory disorders in cerebral palsy: two-point discrimination. Dev. Med. Child Neurol.1993: 35: 402-405.

  • Espay, A.J.; Li, J-Y.; Jhonston, L.; Chen, R. and Lang, A.E. : Mirror movements in parkinsonism: evaluation of a new clinical sign. J. Neural. Neuroserg. Peychiatry,2006: 76: 1355-1359

  • Bulter P. The effectiveness of trunk targeting in achieving independent sitting balance in children with cerebral palsy. Clin Rehabil 1998;12(4):281–93.

  • Crose, R. and DePaepe, J. : A critique o therapeutic intervention programming with reference to an informative approach based on motor learning. Phys. Occup. Ther. Ped. 1989;9(3): 5-33

  • Ferry, P.C. : On growing new neurons. Are early program intervention effective? Pediatrics, 1981:67: 38-41.

  • Gromley, M.E. : Treatment of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal problems in cerebral palsy. Pediat. Rehabil.2001: 4 (1): 5-6.

  • Tax M. Individual muscle contributions to support in normal walking. J Gait Posture 1997;17:159–69.

  • Burridge J, Man G. Electrical stimulation exercises to improve hand function and sensation following chronic stroke. Proc. 5th Vienna international workshop on functional electrical stimulation; 2000. p. 359–62.


Abstract Views: 495

PDF Views: 0




  • Effect of Strengthening Exercises of Shoulder Muscles on Hand Functions in Spastic hemiplegic Cerebral Palsied Children

Abstract Views: 495  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

A. N. Deghidi
Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia
K. E. Shoukery
Paediatric physical therapy Department, College of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
R. Unnikrishnan
Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia

Abstract


Objective: To determine the effect of strengthening exercises of shoulder muscles on hand functions in spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsied children.

Methods: The study was carried out on thirty spastic hemiplegic children of both sexes (15 females and 15 males) divided into equal groups A and B. Their age ranged from six to ten years old. The muscular strength of shoulder flexors and extensors were evaluated by Biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Their hand functions were evaluated by using Peadody developmental motor scales(PDMS).prior and after six months of rehabilitation program. Group A received the traditional physiotherapy program. While group B received strengthening exercises program for shoulder muscles in addition to the traditional physiotherapy program .

Results: Patients of group (B) improved in age equivalent of grasping by 42.4% with SD 1.27±0.46, Values of peak torque (flexion) improved 8.9 with SD 10.29±1.04 and values of peak torque (extension) improved 1.57 with SD 9.92±0.63

Conclusion: The study showed significant improvement in group B more than group A. for age equivalent of grasping and peak torque of flexors and extensors of shoulder muscles.


Keywords


Strengthening, Exercises, Hand functions and Spastic Hemiplegic

References