Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy-An International Journal

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Effect of Incentive Spirometry on Cardiac Autonomic Functions in Normal Healthy Subjects


Affiliations
1 Padmashree Institute of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Objective: Objective of the study was to examine the effects of Incentive Spirometry on cardiac autonomic functions in normal healthy subjects in 18-25 years age group.

Material & Method: 30 subjects (n=15 in Study group and n=15 in Control group) were included in this study. The duration of study was 3 months. Primary outcome measures included cardiac autonomic function tests. Outcome measures were recorded before and 3 months after the study.

Result: 3 months practice of Incentive Spirometry resulted in statistically significant change (p < 0.05) in following parameters - Basal heart rate, Immediate maximum heart rate, Steady state heart rate, Steady State heart rate (time in seconds) during heart rate response to Standing test; Minimum heart rate and Deep Breathing Difference (DBD) during heart rate response to Deep Breathing test.

Conclusion: 3 months practice of Incentive Spirometry changes autonomic function response.


Keywords

Breathing Exercise, Pranayama, Incentive Spirometer, Autonomic Functions
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Claudia R. Breathing exercises: In Cynthia Coffin Zadai. Pulmonary Management in Physical Therapy. 1st ed. NY (USA):Churchill Livingstone Inc.,1992:135.

  • Carolyn Kisner, Lynn Allen Colby. Therapeutic exercise - foundations and techniques. 4th ed. New Delhi:Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.,2002:749.

  • Donna L. Frownfelter. Chest Physical Therapy and Pulmonary Rehabilitation - An Interdisciplinary Approach. 2nd ed. St. Louis(USA):Mosby Year Book Medical Publisher,1987:233.

  • GK Pal, S. Velkumary, Madanmohan. Effect of short term practice of breathing exercises on autonomic functions in normal human volunteers. Indian Journal of Medical Research 2004 August:115-21.

  • Ravider J, John WE, Vernon A., Vandna J. Physiology of long pranayamic breathing: Neural reapiratory elements may provide a mechanism that explains how slow deep breathing shifts the autonomic nervous system. Med Hypotheses 2006;67(3):566-71.

  • Carlos H, Renato A, Denise G, Maria J. Spontaneous respiratory modulation improves cardiovascular control in essential hypertension. Arq. Bras. Cardiol 2007 June;88(6):576-83.

  • Brown RP, Gerbarg PL. Sudarshan Kriya yogic breathing in the treatment of stress, anxiety, and depression: part I - neurophysiologic model. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Feb;11(1):189-201.

  • AARC Clinical Practice Guideline: Incentive Spirometry. Respir Care 1991;36:1402-05.

  • Robert L, James K, Craig L, David C. Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care. 8th ed. Mosby Inc;June 2003:866.

  • Tom J, Catherine M, S Deborach, Christina B, Birgitta I, Catherine T. The effect of Incentive Spirometry on post-operative pulmonary complications - A systematic review. CHEST 2001 Sep;120(3):971-78.

  • Patricia C. The relationship between dyspnea and blood pressure in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2007 Sep/ Oct;22(5):351-58.

  • Hall JC, Tarala R, Harris J, Tapper J, Christiansen K. Incentive Spirometry Versus routine chest physiotherapy for prevention of pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery. Lancet 1991 April 20;337(8747):953-56.

  • Westwood K., Griffin M, Roberts K, Williams M, Yoong K, Digger T. Incentive spirometry decreases respiratory complications following major abdominal surgery. Surgeon 2007 Dec;5(6):339-42.

  • Ong GL. Incentive Spirometry for children with sickle cell disease. Nurs Times. 18 October 2005;101(42):55-57.

  • Basoglu O.K., Atasever A., Bacakoglu F. The efficacy of Incentive Spirometry in patients with COPD. Respirology 2005;10:349-53.

  • Pruitt B, Jacobs M. Clearing away pulmonary secretions. Nursing 2005;35:37-41.

  • Alexandra Hough. Physiotherapy in Respiratory Care - An evidence-based approach to respiratory and cardiac management. 3rd ed. Cheltenham(UK): Nelson Thorness Ltd.,2001:153,156.

  • Bannister R, Mathias CJ. Investigations of autonomic disorders. Autonomic failure – A text book of clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system. 3rd ed. San Francisco:Oxford University Press,1992:225-90.

  • UK Misra, J Kalita. Clinical Neurophysiology – Nerve Conduction, Electromyography and Evoked Potentials. ELSEVIER:101.

  • GK Pal & Pravati Pal. Textbook of Practical Physiology. 2nd ed. Chennai(India):Orient Longman Private Limited,2005:301.

  • Pramanik T, sharma HO, Mishra S, Prajapati R, Singh S. Immediate effect of slow pace bhastrika pranayama on blood pressure and heart rate. J Altern Complement Med. 2009 Mar;15(3):293-5.

  • Bernardi L, Gabutti A, Porta C, Spicuzza L. Slow breathing reduces chemoreflex response to hypoxia and hypercapnia, and increases baroreflex sensitivity. J Hypertens. 2001 Dec;19(12):2221-9.

  • R Bhargava, MG Gogate, JF Mascarenhas. Autonomic responses to breath holding and its variations following pranayama. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology 1988;32(4): 257-64.

  • Shirley Telles, T Desiraju. Oxygen consumption during pranayamic type of very slow-rate breathing. Indian J Med Res. 1991 Oct;94:357-63.

  • SC Gandevia, DI McCloskey, Erica K. Reflex bradycardia occurring in response to Diving, Nasopharyngeal stimulation and Occular pressure, & its modification by Respiration and Swallowing. J. Physiol. 1978;276:383-94.

  • Dr KK Deepak. The role of autonomic nervous system in rapid breathing practices. Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi(India): p.42-45. (Available at: http://aolresearch.org/pdf/other/Deepak.pdf)

  • Nose Breathing Research & Benefits – NBM homepage. Available at http:// www.nosebreathe.com/benefits.html. (Accessible on date: 10/01/2011)

  • Susan Moran. Going the Distance - Yogic breathings can make any kind of workout easier and enjoyable. Yoga Journal (Health) 2007 February:39-41.


Abstract Views: 900

PDF Views: 0




  • Effect of Incentive Spirometry on Cardiac Autonomic Functions in Normal Healthy Subjects

Abstract Views: 900  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Trupti Ajudia
Padmashree Institute of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, India
Pravin Aaron
Padmashree Institute of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, India
Subin Solomen
Padmashree Institute of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, India

Abstract


Objective: Objective of the study was to examine the effects of Incentive Spirometry on cardiac autonomic functions in normal healthy subjects in 18-25 years age group.

Material & Method: 30 subjects (n=15 in Study group and n=15 in Control group) were included in this study. The duration of study was 3 months. Primary outcome measures included cardiac autonomic function tests. Outcome measures were recorded before and 3 months after the study.

Result: 3 months practice of Incentive Spirometry resulted in statistically significant change (p < 0.05) in following parameters - Basal heart rate, Immediate maximum heart rate, Steady state heart rate, Steady State heart rate (time in seconds) during heart rate response to Standing test; Minimum heart rate and Deep Breathing Difference (DBD) during heart rate response to Deep Breathing test.

Conclusion: 3 months practice of Incentive Spirometry changes autonomic function response.


Keywords


Breathing Exercise, Pranayama, Incentive Spirometer, Autonomic Functions

References