Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Socio-Economic Barriers to Maternal Health Care in Rural Bangladesh


Affiliations
1 Physiotherapy Rockhurst University Kansas City, Missouri, United States
2 Social Work Washburn University Topeka, Kansas, United States
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Objective: To outline the specific socio-economic barriers to maternal health faced by Bangladeshi women.

Study Design: Review and Analysis of Literature

Background: Bangladesh is a country with over one third of the population living in poverty and another one third living just above poverty level. The World Health Organization (2010) indicates that Bangladesh has poor prenatal and postpartum care, nutritional deficiencies, high incidence of non-skilled birth attendant utilization, and the second highest maternal mortality and morbidity rates next to sub-Saharan Africa. Women living in Bangladesh are at high risk for maternal mortality and morbidity in the postpartum period directly related to socio-economic status.

Conclusion: The need for socio-economic relief for women living in rural Bangladesh remains an issue that needs to be addressed to fully address maternal health and maternal morbidities in the postpartum period.


Keywords

Postpartum, Maternal Health, Morbidity, Mortality, Bangladesh, Socio-Economic
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • World Bank Report. Poverty Assessment for Bangladesh: Creating Opportunities and Bridging the East-West Divide: Bangladesh Development Series No. 26.
  • World Health Organization. World Health Statistics. 2010; 59 http:/www.who.int/whosis/whostat/EN WHS10 Full.pdf. Accessed September 30, 2011.
  • World Health Organization. Improving Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in the South-East Asia Region: Focus on Bangladesh. 2010.
  • Gill, K, Pande, R, Malhotra, A. Women delivery for development. The Lancet, 2007; 370: 1347-1356.
  • Paul, B.K., Rumsey, D.J. Utilization of health facilities and trained birth attendants for childbirth in rural Bangladesh: an empirical study. Sociology Scientific Medicine. 54: 1755-65.
  • Hogan, MC, Foreman, KJ, Naghavi, M, et al. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. The Lancet, 2008; 10(10): 1-15.
  • Koenig, MA, Jamil, K, Streatfield, P, et al. Maternal Health and Care-Seeking Behavior in Bangladesh: Findings from a National Survey, International Family Planning Perspectives. 2007; 33(2): 75-82.
  • Anwar, I, Sami, M., Akhtar, N., et al. Inequity in Maternal Health Care Services: Evidence from Home-Based Skilled Birth-Attendant Programs in Bangladesh. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2008; 86: 252-259.
  • Paul, B.K., Rumsey, D.J. Utilization of health facilities and trained birth attendants for childbirth in rural Bangladesh: an empirical study. Sociology Scientific Medicine. 54: 1755-1765.
  • Faruque, A.S.G., Ahmed, A.M. S., Ahmed, T., et al. Nutrition: Basis for Healthy Children and Mothers in Bangladesh. Journal of Health Population Nutrition. 2008; 26(3): 325-339.
  • Li, X.F., Fortney, J.A., Kotelchuck, M., et al. The postpartum period: the key to maternal mortality. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2006; 54(1): 1-10.
  • Lieu, TA, Wikler, C, Capra, AM, et al. Clinical Outcomes and Maternal Perceptions of an Updated Model of Perinatal Care. Pediatrics, 1998, 102(6): 1437-1444.
  • Felicia Lester, Nerys Benf ield, et al. Global Women’s Health in 2010: Facing the Challenges. Journal of Women’s Health. November 2010, 19(11): 2081-2089.
  • Li, X.F., Fortney, J.A., Kotelchuck, M., et al. The postpartum period: the key to maternal mortality. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 1996, 54(1): 1-10.
  • Paul, B.K., Rumsey, D.J. Utilization of health facilities and trained birth attendants for childbirth in rural Bangladesh: an empirical study. Sociology Scientific Medicine. 54: 1755-1765.
  • Kalim, N, Anwar, I, Khan, et al. Postpartum Haemorrhage and Eclampsia : Differences in Knowledge and Care-seeking Behaviour in Two Districts of Bangladesh. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition. 2009; 27(2): 156-169.
  • NIPORT. Bangladesh demographic and health survey 1999-2000. 2001, National Institute of Population Research and Training: Dhaka and Calverton.
  • Faruque, A.S.G., Ahmed, A.M.S., Ahmed, T, et al. Nutrition: Basis for Healthy Children and Mothers in Bangladesh. Journal of Health Population Nutrition. 2008; 26(3): 325-339.
  • Christian, Parul. Maternal nutrition, health, and survival. Nutrition Reviews.2002; 60(5): S59.
  • Seshadri, S. Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency particularly of iron, zinc, and folic acid in pregnant women in South East Asia. Journal of Nutrition. 2001; 85(2), S87-S92.
  • Bucher, H.C., Guyatt, G.H., Cook, R.J., et al. Effect of calcium supplementation on pregnancyinduced hypertension and preeclampsia. Journal of American Medical Association.1996; 275: 1113-1117.
  • Viteri, F. Iron endowment at birth: maternal iron status and other influences. Nutrition Reviews, 2011; 69S3- 69s16.
  • Levine, R.J., Hauth, J.C., Curet, L.B. Trial of calcium to prevent preeclampsia. New England Journal of Medicine. 1997; 337: 69-76.
  • Lagiou, P., Mucci, L., Tamimi, R., et al. Micronutrient intake during pregnancy in relation to birth size. European Journal of Nutrition, 2005; 44(1), 52-59.
  • Islam, M. A., et al. Factors associated with delivery complications in rural bangladesh. European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care. 2004; 9 (4): 203-203-13.
  • World Health Organization (2010). Improving Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in the South-East Asia Region: Focus on Bangladesh.
  • Sarker S, Islam Z, Hossain SAS, Saha NC, Routh S. Baseline Assessment of In dicators for Monitoring ESP Delivery in Rural Areas of Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional study. 2001; SP112: 1-62.
  • Fronczak, N., Arifeen, S. E., Moran, A. C., et al. Delivery practices of traditional birth attendants in dhaka slums, Bangladesh. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2007;25 (4), 479-479-87.
  • Thaddeus, S., Maine, D. Too far to walk: maternal mortality in context. Social Science & Medicine.2002; 38(8): 1091-1110.
  • Anwar, I, Sami, M., Akhtar, N., et al. Inequity in Maternal Health Care Services: Evidence from Home-Based Skilled Birth-Attendant Programs in Bangladesh. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2008; 86: 252-259.
  • Parkhurst, J., Rahman, S. Life saving or money wasting? Perceptions of C-sections among users of services in rural Bangladesh. Health Policy, 2008; 80(3):392-401.
  • United Nations Milennium Development Goals. New York: United Nations; 2006. Retireved f rom: http:/ www.un.org/millenniumgoals.
  • Islam, M. A., Chowdhury, R. I., Chakraborty, N., et al. Factors associated with delivery complications in rural bangladesh. European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care, 2004; 9 (4): 203-203-13.
  • Anwar, I, Sami, M., Akhtar, N., et al. Inequity in Maternal Health Care Services: Evidence from Home-Based Skilled Birth-Attendant Programs in Bangladesh. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2008; 86: 252-259.
  • Ronsmans, C, Holtz, S, & Stanton, C. Socioeconomic differentials in caesarean rates in developing countries: a retrospective analysis. The Lancet. 2006;.368(9546): 1516-1523.
  • Robitail, S., Gorde, S., Barrau, K., et al. [How much does a C-section cost in Madagascar? Socioeconomical aspects and C-section rate in Toamasina, Madagascar. Bulletin De La Société De Pathologie Exotique. 2004; 97(4), 274-279.
  • Khan, A., & Zaman, S. Costs of vaginal delivery and C-section at a tertiary level public hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan. BMC Pregnancy And Childbirth, 2010; 102.
  • Gartoulla, P., Liabsuetrakul, T., & Pradhan, N. Change in willingness to pay for normal delivery and C-section during pregnancy and after delivery in Kathmandu. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 2010; 15(10):1227-1234.
  • Pena, M., & Bacallao, J. Malnutrition and poverty. Annuals Review Nutrition, 2002; 22: 241-53.

Abstract Views: 412

PDF Views: 0




  • Socio-Economic Barriers to Maternal Health Care in Rural Bangladesh

Abstract Views: 412  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Lori Walton
Physiotherapy Rockhurst University Kansas City, Missouri, United States
Bassima Schbley
Social Work Washburn University Topeka, Kansas, United States

Abstract


Objective: To outline the specific socio-economic barriers to maternal health faced by Bangladeshi women.

Study Design: Review and Analysis of Literature

Background: Bangladesh is a country with over one third of the population living in poverty and another one third living just above poverty level. The World Health Organization (2010) indicates that Bangladesh has poor prenatal and postpartum care, nutritional deficiencies, high incidence of non-skilled birth attendant utilization, and the second highest maternal mortality and morbidity rates next to sub-Saharan Africa. Women living in Bangladesh are at high risk for maternal mortality and morbidity in the postpartum period directly related to socio-economic status.

Conclusion: The need for socio-economic relief for women living in rural Bangladesh remains an issue that needs to be addressed to fully address maternal health and maternal morbidities in the postpartum period.


Keywords


Postpartum, Maternal Health, Morbidity, Mortality, Bangladesh, Socio-Economic

References