Effect of Sensory-specific Balance Training in Elderly

Background: Postural control depends upon the ability to extract peripheral sensory inputs, integrating this information within the central nervous system (CNS), coordinate and execute an appropriate motor response. Age related changes in the ability to adjust to alteration in sensory information contribute to impaired postural stability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sensory-specific balance training on balance in elderly.

Aims: To study the effect of sensory-specific balance training on the balance in elderly.

Settings and design: Prospective longitudinal comparative study carried out at tertiary care hospital, Mumbai.

Materials and Methods: 60 healthy elders were randomly assigned balance training and fall prevention education group. Sensory specific balance training was given for period of 4 weeks. Participants were reassessed at end of 4 weeks. Outcome measures were modified: Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction on Balance, Fullerton advanced balance score, activities specific balance confidence scale and 1 RM.

Statistical analysis: Wilcoxson Signed rank test and Mann Whitney test were used to analyze the difference between the balance scores within group and intergroup

Results: Balance improved significantly in all four conditions of mCTSIB scale following sensory specific balance training(p<0.001) Improvements were seen in Fullerton Advanced Balance score(p<0.001) and Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale score(p<0.001) but there was no improvement in 1 RM(p>0.001)

Conclusion: From the study it can be concluded that sensory-specific balance training can bring about a significant improvement in balance without any change in the muscle strength.