Indian Journal of Positive Psychology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Impact of Trait Mindfulness on Depression among Clinical and Non-Clinical groups of Indian Adults


Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Mindfulness as psychological construct has been studied since long in relation to different mental health variables with  different  dimensions.  Present  study  investigates  the  differences  between  clinical  and  non-clinical  samples  their trait mindfulness and its relationship with depression. A sample of 200 depressive patients and 200 normal adults drawn from  various psychiatric hospitals were tested  on Back Depression Inventory-II  (BDI-II)  and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Comparison of these two groups revealed non-clinical sample scored higher than  clinical  on  three  facets  of  mindfulness (i.e.,  act  with awareness,  non-judgmental  & non-reactive)  and  the  global mindfulness score.  Depression in  clinical  group  was strongly  predicted  by  mindfulness (R=0.557  p<.001)  and significantly  but  slightly  lower  in  non-clinical  group  (R=0.46  p<.001).  Hence,  it  is  concluded  that  mindfulness plays vital  role  in  the  control  of  depression  in  non-clinical  group.

Keywords

Depression, Mindfulness Trait, Mindfulness.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Baer, R. A. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review . Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 125.

  • Baer, R. (2019). Assessment of mindfulness by self-report. Current Opinion in Psychology, 28, 42-48.

  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., & Allen, K. B. (2004). Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: The Kentucky inventory of mindfulness skills. Assessment, 11(3), 191-206

  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer , J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27-45.

  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Lykins, E., Button, D., Krietemeyer, J., Sauer, S., & Williams, J. M. G. (2008). Construct validity of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire in meditating and non-meditating samples. Assessment, 15(3), 329-342

  • Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.

  • Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., & Devins, G. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230.

  • Bowen, D. J., Kreuter, M., Spring, B., Cofta-Woerpel, L., Linnan, L., Weiner, D., & Fernandez, M. (2009). How we design feasibility studies. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 36(5), 452-457.

  • Bowlin, S. L., & Baer, R. A. (2012). Relationships between mindfulness, self-control, and psychological functioning. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(3), 411-415.

  • Branstrom, R., Duncan, L. G., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2011). The association between dispositional mindfulness, psychological well-being, and perceived health in a Swedish population-based sample. British Journal of Health Psychology, 16(2), 300-316.

  • Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822-848

  • Carmody, J., & Baer, R. A. (2008). Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31(1), 23-33.

  • Cash, M., & Whittingham, K. (2010). What facets of mindfulness contribute to psychol ogi cal wel l -bei ng and depressi ve, anxi ous, and st ress-rel at ed symptomatology? Mindfulness, 1(3), 177-182.

  • Chiesa, A., & Serretti, A. (2009). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for stress management in healthy people: A review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 15(5), 593-600.

  • Chu, C. S., Stubbs, B., Chen, T. Y ., Tang, C. H., Li, D. J., Yang, W. C., & Lin, P . Y . (2018). The effectiveness of adjunct mindfulness-based intervention in treatment of bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 234-245.

  • Crane, R. S., Brewer, J., Feldman, C., Kabat-Zinn, J., Santorelli, S., Williams, J. M. G., & Kuyken, W. (2017). What defines mindfulness-based programs? The warp and the weft. Psychological Medicine, 47(6), 990-999.

  • Demarzo, M., Montero-Marin, J., Puebla-Guedea, M., Navarro-Gil, M., Herrera-Mercadal, P ., Moreno-González, S., & Garcia-Campayo, J. (2017). Efficacy of 8-and 4-session mindfulness-based interventions in a non-clinical population: A controlled study . Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1343.

  • Deng, Y . Q., Liu, X. H., Rodriguez, M. A., & Xia, C. Y . (2011). The five facet mindfulness questionnaire: Psychometric properties of the Chinese version. Mindfulness, 2(2), 123-128.

  • Desrosiers, A., Vine, V ., Klemanski, D. H., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2013). Mindfulness and emotion regulation in depression and anxiety: Common and distinct mechanisms of action. Depression and Anxiety, 30(7), 654-661.

  • Gross, J. J., & John, O. P . (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348.

  • Tran, U. S., Cebolla, A., Glück, T. M., Soler, J., Garcia-Campayo, J., & V on Moy, T. (2014). The serenity of the meditating mind: A cross-cultural psychometric study on a two-factor higher order structure of mindfulness, its effects, and mechanisms related to mental health among experienced meditators. PloS One, 9(10), e110192.

  • Freudenthaler, L., Turba, J. D., & Tran, U. S. (2017). Emotion regulation mediates the associations of mindfulness on symptoms of depression and anxiety in the general population. Mindfulness, 8(5), 1339-1344.

  • Galante, J., Iribarren, S. J., & Pearce, P . F. (2013). Effect of Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on mental disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Research in Nursing, 18(2), 133-155.

  • Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V . (2006). Relationships between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: A comparative study of five specific samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(8), 1659-1669

  • Gross, J. J. (1998). Antecedent-and response-focused emotion regulation: Divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(1), 224

  • Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A., & Oh, D. (2010). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(2), 169.

  • Kabat-Zinn, J. (2005). Coming to our senses: Healing ourselves and the world through mindfulness. New York, NY: Hyperion

  • Langer, E. J., & Moldoveanu, M. (2000). Mindfulness research and the future. Journal of Social Issues, 56(1), 129-139.

  • Mitchell, J. T., McIntyre, E. M., English, J. S., Dennis, M. F., Beckham, J. C., & Kollins, S. H. (2017). A pilot trial of mindfulness meditation training for ADHD in adulthood: Impact on core symptoms, executive functioning, and emotion dysregulation. Journal of Attention Disorders, 21(13), 1105-1120.

  • Radkovsky, A., McArdle, J. J., Bockting, C. L., & Berking, M. (2014). Successful emotion regulation skills application predicts subsequent reduction of symptom severity during treatment of major depressive disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 82(2), 248

  • Seema, R., Quaglia, J. T., Brown, K. W., Sircova, A., Konstabel, K., & Baltin, A. (2015). Development of an Estonian Mindful Attention Awareness Scale: Assessing mindfulness without a distinct present tense. Mindfulness, 6, 759-766

  • Tran, U. S., Cebolla, A., Glück, T. M., Soler, J., Garcia-Campayo, J., & V on Moy, T. (2014). The serenity of the meditating mind: A cross-cultural psychometric study on a two-factor higher order structure of mindfulness, its effects, and mechanisms related to mental health among experienced meditators. PloS One, 9(10), e110192


Abstract Views: 201

PDF Views: 0




  • Impact of Trait Mindfulness on Depression among Clinical and Non-Clinical groups of Indian Adults

Abstract Views: 201  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Santosh
Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
Suresh K. Darolia
Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India

Abstract


Mindfulness as psychological construct has been studied since long in relation to different mental health variables with  different  dimensions.  Present  study  investigates  the  differences  between  clinical  and  non-clinical  samples  their trait mindfulness and its relationship with depression. A sample of 200 depressive patients and 200 normal adults drawn from  various psychiatric hospitals were tested  on Back Depression Inventory-II  (BDI-II)  and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Comparison of these two groups revealed non-clinical sample scored higher than  clinical  on  three  facets  of  mindfulness (i.e.,  act  with awareness,  non-judgmental  & non-reactive)  and  the  global mindfulness score.  Depression in  clinical  group  was strongly  predicted  by  mindfulness (R=0.557  p<.001)  and significantly  but  slightly  lower  in  non-clinical  group  (R=0.46  p<.001).  Hence,  it  is  concluded  that  mindfulness plays vital  role  in  the  control  of  depression  in  non-clinical  group.

Keywords


Depression, Mindfulness Trait, Mindfulness.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/ijpp%2F2022%2Fv13i2%2F215407