GEAR Protocol Optimizations for Intra-cluster Communication in WSNs for Reduced Energy Consumption

Wireless sensor networks consist of a number of sensing nodes which are distributed in a wide area. They sense an event occurring in the environment and these sensing nodes are distributed or placed according to the requirements of the application. As sensor nodes are deployed in an area where replacement of batteries is not an easy task because of their critical locations e.g. battle surveillance, energy is a critical issue for sensor nodes in WSNs. Each sensor node is consuming some energy with different communication operations. If no external energy provided to it, a sensor can be dead as it participate for long time in the communication. Thus main aim of proposed study is to conserve and balance energy of nodes. The proposed work is to apply the routing algorithm named Global Best Path (GBP) for WSNs based on geographical and energy aware routing (GEAR) for inter-cluster communication as well as for intra-cluster communication. End to end delay and packet delivery ratio are calculated using numerical terms and energy consumption by nodes is shown with the help of graph. The proposed work will improve the efficiency even in case of congested network and improve the network life.