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Mondal, Ajit
- On The Variation of Hardness of Duplex Stainless Steel Clad Layer Deposited By Flux-Cored-Cored Arc Welding
Abstract Views :566 |
PDF Views:163
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, IN
3 Bankura Unnayani Institute of Engineering, Bankura, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, IN
3 Bankura Unnayani Institute of Engineering, Bankura, West Bengal, IN
Source
Reason-A Technical Journal (Formerly Reason-A Technical Magazine), Vol 15 (2016), Pagination: 1-6Abstract
By cladding, one refers deposition of a relatively thick metal layer onto a cheap grade base material to protect it against severe abrasive / erosive /corrosive working condition. Enhancing hardness of a surface through cladding is given the name hardfacing. In this investigation, FCAW (Flux-Cored Arc Welding) cladding is performed using fluxed-core duplex stainless steel electrode onto low alloy steel substrate using 100% CO2 as the shielding gas. Different values of welding current and welding voltage were selected for the experiment in such a way that 3 sets of constant heat input were maintained. Welding torch travel speed was kept constant throughout the experiment. Hardness test results revealed much improved hardness of the clad part compared to that of the base material. Only slight change in hardness can be noticed under varying weld current when heat input remains the same.Keywords
Cladding, Hardfacing, FCAW, Heat Input, Process Parameters, Hardness.Full Text
References
- Nadkarni, S.V., Modern Arc Welding Technology, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, India, 1988.
- Saha, M. K. and Das, S., A Review on Different Cladding Techniques Employed to Resist Corrosion, Journal of the Association of Engineers, India, Vol. 86, pp. 51-64, 2016.
- Ibrahim, B.T., Yawas, D.S. and Aku, S. Y., Effects of Gas Metal Arc Welding Techniques on the Mechanical Properties of Duplex Stainless Steel, Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, Vol. 1, pp. 222-230, 2013.
- Mondal, A., Saha, M.K. and Hazra, R., Observation of Bead-on-plate Welds with Duplex Stainless Steel Wire Electrode in GMAW, Proceedings of the National Conference on RASEM, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India, 2016.
- Verma, A. K., Biswas, B. C., Roy, P., De, S., Saren, S. and Das, S., On The Effectiveness of Duplex Stainless Steel Cladding Deposited by Gas Metal Arc Welding, e-Proceedings of the International Conference (IIWIC 2014), 67th Annual Assembly of the International Institute of Welding, Seoul, Korea, 2014.
- Verma, A. K., Biswas, B. C., Roy, P., De, S., Saren, S. and Das, S., Exploring Quality of Austenitic Stainless Steel Clad Layer Obtained by Metal Active Gas Welding, Indian Science Cruiser, Vol.27, No.4, pp.24-29, 2013.
- Chakraborty, B., Das, H., Das, S. and Pal, T.K., Effect of Process Parameters on Clad Quality of Duplex Stainless Steel Using GMAW Process, Transaction of the Indian Institute of Metals, Vol.66, No. 3, pp.221-230, 2013.
- Mondal, A., Saha, M. K., Hazra, R. and Das, S., Influence of Heat Input on Weld Bead Geometry Using Duplex Stainless Steel Wire Electrode on Low Alloy Steel Specimens, Cogent Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1143598/1-14, 2015.
- Palani, P. K. and Murugan, N., Development of Mathematical Models for Prediction of Weld bead Geometry in Cladding by Flux Cored Arc Welding, International Journal Advance Manufacturing Technology, Vol.30, pp.669676, 2006.
- Sathishkumar, S., Suresh, A.V., Krishna, M., Banukiran, V.T. and Nagamadhu, M., Development & Characterization of an Electrode Deposition Procedure for Crack Free Hardfacing of Low Carbon Steel, International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 95-106, 2012.
- Khara, B., Mandal, N.D., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, M., Chakrabarti, B. and Das, S., Weld Cladding With Austenitic Stainless Steel for Imparting Corrosion Resistance, Indian Welding Journal, Vol.49, No. 1, pp. 75-81, 2016.
- Buchanan, V.E., Shipway, P.H. and McCartney, D.G., Microstructure and Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Shielded Arc Welding Hardfacings Used in the Sugarcane Industry, Wear,Vol.263, pp. 99110, 2007.
- Gualco, A.H., Svoboda, G., Surian, E.S. and de Vedia, L.A., Effect of Welding Procedure on Wear Behavior of Modified Martensitic Tool Steel Hardfacing Deposit, Materials & Design, Vol. 31, No. 9, pp. 4165-4173, 2010.
- Charles, J., Duplex Stainless Steels: A Review, Proceedings of the Conference on Duplex Stainless Steel 2007,Grado, Italy, http://www.aperam.com/uploads/ stainlesseurope/ TechnicalPublications/ Duplex_Maastricht_EN-22p-7064Ko.pdf accessed on 18.05.17.
- Influence of Heat input on Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steel Cladding using Flux Cored Arc Welding on Low Alloy Steel Flats
Abstract Views :306 |
PDF Views:8
Authors
Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741 235, West Bengal, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741 235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 3 (2018), Pagination: 66-72Abstract
Cladding is deposition of material on a corrosion-prone substrate to protect it from corrosion. Duplex stainless steel cladding is reported to have the ability to offer good corrosion resistance. In the present work, duplex stainless steel (E2209 T0-1) filler material is used for depositing a single layer with 50% overlap on E250 low alloy steel substrate using FCAW process with 100% CO as shielding gas. Three sets of heat input are chosen for the 2 experiment. Each set has different welding voltage and current, whereas travel speed has been kept constant for all experimental runs. Experiments have been replicated twice. 24-hour accelerated corrosion test is conducted on the clad surface in ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid solution. Results obtained from corrosion test indicate that all clad parts have better pitting corrosion resistance than the base metal. Corrosion resistance of clad parts exhibits decreasing tendency with greater heat input on the whole. Polynomial regression analysis is used to establish the quadratic relationship between heat input and pitting corrosion rate that indicate corrosion rate to increase with increase in heat input. ANOVA table depicts that the results obtained in pitting corrosion test against different heat input conditions are significant with high (95%) confidence level. The value of R2 (0.7014) indicates fairly good association between heat input and corrosion rate.Keywords
Cladding, FCAW, Heat Input, Corrosion, Regression Analysis.
References
- Conor LP (1987); Welding Hand Book, 8th Edition, Vol. 1, American Welding Soc., USA.
- Saha MK and Das S (2016); A review on different cladding techniques employed to resist corrosion, J of Association of Engineers, India, 86(1-2), pp.51-63.
- Saha MK and Das S (2018); Gas metal arc weld cladding and its anti-corrosion performance - a brief review, Athens Journal of Technology and Engineering, 5(2), pp. 155-174
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Saren, S and Das S (2014); On the effectiveness of duplex stainless steel cladding deposited by gas metal arc welding, e-Proc. 67th Int. Conf. of Annual Assembly of the Int. Inst. of Welding, Seoul, Korea.
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Saren, S and Das S (2013); Exploring quality of austenitic stainless steel clad layer obtained by metal active gas welding, Indian Science Cruiser, 27(4), pp.24-29.
- Kannan T and Muguran N (2006); Effect of flux cored arc welding process parameters on duplex stainless steel clad quality, J. of Mat. Proc. Tech., 176, pp.230-239.
- Chakrabarti B, Das S, Das H and Pal TK (2013); Effect of process parameters on clad quality of duplex stainless steel using GMAW process, Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 66(3), pp.221-230.
- Mondal A, Saha MK, Hazra R and Das S (2016); Influence of heat input on weld bead geometry using duplex stainless steel wire electrode on low alloy steel specimens, Cogent Engg, 3, pp.1143598/1-14.
- Balan AV and Kannan T (2016); Effect of heat input on pitting corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless steel weld claddings, Int. J. Chem Tech Res., 9(3), pp.358-362.
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Saren, S and Das S (2017); An investigation on the anti-corrosion characteristics of stainless steel cladding, IWJ, 50(3), pp 52-63.
- Saha MK, Mondal J, Mondal A and Das S (2016); Influence of process parameters on corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel cladding done on low alloy steel specimens, Proc. of the National Welding Seminar, Kolkata, India.
- Eghlimi A, Shamanian M and Raeissi K (2016); Effect of current type on microstructure and corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless steel claddings produced by the gas tungsten arc welding process, Surface & Coatings Tech, 244, pp.46-51.
- Zhang Z, Zhang H, Zhao H and Li J (2016); Effect of prolonged thermal cycles on the pitting corrosion resistanceof a newly developed LDX 2404 lean duplex stainless steel, Corrosion Science, 103, pp.189-195.
- Asif MM, Kulkarni AS, Sathiya P and Goel S (2016); The impact of heat input on the strength, toughness, microhardness, microstructure and corrosion aspects of friction welded duplex stainless steel joints, J. Manuf. Proc., 18, pp.92-106.
- Saha MK, Mondal A, Hazra R and Das S (2016); On the
- variation of hardness of duplex stainless steel clad layer deposited by flux-cored arc welding, Reason - A Technical Journal, 15, pp. 1-6.
- Khara B, Mandal ND, Sarkar A, Sarkar M, Chakrabarti B and Das S (2016); Weld cladding with austenitic stainless steel for imparting corrosion resistance, Indian Welding Journal, 49(1), pp.75-81.
- Saha MK, Hazra R, Mondal A and Das S (2016); Effect of process parameters on corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel cladding done on low alloy steel specimens, Proc. National Welding Seminar, Kolkata, India.
- Ha HY, Jang MH, Lee TH and Moon J (2014); Interpretation of the relation between ferrite fraction and pitting corrosion resistance of commercial 2205 duplex stainless steel, Corrosion Science, 89, pp.154-162.
- Elmer JW, Allen SM and Eagar TW (1989); Microstructural development during solidification of stainless steel alloys, Metallurgical Transaction A, 10A, pp.2117-2131.
- On Corrosion Resistance Of Austenitic Stainless Steel Clad Layer on a Low Alloy Steel
Abstract Views :359 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, West Bengal, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 32, No 3 (2018), Pagination: 20-25Abstract
316 austenitic steel is used as cladding material widely. Cladding is a surfacing technique that not only provides good corrosion, erosion resistance properties, but also improves mechanical strength of the job surface. Gas metal arc welding is a semi-automatic, user friendly, economic process that is successfully employed for producing clad layer on a component. Quality of cladding depends upon weld bead geometry of clad layer which further depends upon heat input applied. In current experiment, three sets of heat inputs were chosen for single layer 50% overlapped (316) austenitic stainless steel cladding onto E350 low alloy steel by active metal gas welding. Torch travel speed was kept constant during the experiment. Total experiments were replicated twice for establishing better reliability of the result. Accelerated corrosion test was performed to determine the corrosion rate of the clad surface. Metallography test shows microstructure of clad portion that can justify the corrosion rate. Results show that corrosion rate increases with increase in heat input on the whole. Linear regression analysis is applied successfully to evaluate the relation between heat input and corrosion rate.Keywords
Cladding, MAG, Heat Input, Corrosion Rate, Regression Analysis.References
- W. Lucas, Arc surfacing and cladding processes to enhance performance in service and to repair worn components, Welding and Metal Fabrication, Volume 62 Number 2, pages 55 - 60, February 1994.
- M. K. Saha, A. Mondal, R. Hazra and S. Das, An overview on cladding through gas metal arc welding, Proceedings of the National Welding Seminar, Quite clear relationship between all bead geometry Table 5: ANOVA table for regression analysis df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 3901.5 3901.5 3.601041659 0.099550734 Residual 7 7584.055556 1083.436508 Total 8 11485.55556 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Intercept 148.0777778 73.3885772 2.017722423 0.083410126 -25.45863165 X Variable 1 255 134.3773609 1.897641078 0.099550734 -62.75196654 Jamshedpur, India, 2015.
- M. K. Saha and S. Das, A review on different cladding technique to resist corrosion, Journal of the Association of Engineers, India, Volume 86, pages 5164, 2016.
- M. K. Saha and S. Das, Gas metal arc weld cladding and its anti-corrosive performance- a brief review, Athens Journal of Technology and Engineering, accepted in 2018.
- K. Sabiruddin, S. Das and A. Bhattacharya, Application of the analytic hierarchy process for optimization of process parameters in GMAW, Indian Welding Journal, Volume 42, pages 38-46, 2009.
- A. Sarkar and S. Das, Application of Grey-based Taguchi method for optimizing gas metal arc welding of stainless steel, Indian Welding Journal, Volume 44, pages 37-48, 2011.
- K. Sabiruddin, S. Bhattacharya and S. Das, Selection of appropriate process parameters for gas metal arc welding of medium carbon steel specimens, International Journal of Analytical Hierarchy Process, Volume 5, pages 252-266, 2013.
- P.K. Ghosh, P.C. Gupta and V.K. Goyal, Stainless steel cladding of structural steel plates using the pulsed current GMAW process, Welding Journal, 307s-314s, 1998.
- T. Kannan and N. Muguran, Effect of flux cored arc welding process parameters on duplex stainless steel clad quality, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 176, 230-239, 2006.
- M. Nouri, A. Abdollah-Zadeh and F. Malek, Effect of welding parameters on dilution and weld bead geometry in cladding, Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 23(6), 817-822, 2007.
- T. Kannan and J. Yoganandh, Effect of process parameters on clad bead geometry and its shape relationships of stainless steel claddings deposited by GMAW, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 47, pp.1083-1095, 2010.
- M.K. Saha, S. Das, A. Bandyopadhyay and S. Bandyopadhyay, Application of L6 orthogonal Array for optimal selection of some process parameters in GMAW process, Indian Welding Journal, Volume 3, pages 41-45, Oct. 2012.
- A.K. Verma, B.C. Biswas, P. Roy, S. De, S. Saren and S. Das, On the effectiveness of duplex stainless steel cladding deposited by gas metal arc welding, eProceedings of the International Conference, 67th Annual Assembly of the International Institute of Welding, Seoul, Korea, 2014.
- A. Mondal, M. K. Saha, R. Hazra and S. Das, Influence of Heat Input on Weld Bead Geometry using Duplex Stainless Steel Wire Electrode on Low Alloy Steel Specimens, Journal of Cogent Engineering, Volume 3, pages 1-14, 2016.
- B. Chakraborty, H. Das, S. Das and T.K. Pal, Effect of process parameters on clad quality of duplex stainless steel using GMAW process, Transaction of the Indian Institute of Metals, Vol.66(3), pp.221-230, 2013.
- A.K. Verma, B.C. Biswas, P. Roy, S. De, S. Saren and S. Das, Exploring quality of austenitic stainless steel clad layer obtained by metal active gas welding, Indian Science Cruiser, Vol. 27(4), pp.24-29, 2013.
- B. Khara, N.D. Mandal, A. Sarkar, M. Sarkar, B. Chakrabarti and S. Das, Weld cladding with austenitic stainless steel for imparting corrosion resistance, Indian Welding Journal, vol.49(1), pp. 75-81, 2016.