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R. S. Bhandari , Jia Lal , K. S. Ayyar , Pratap Singh

Abstract

Methanol extractives of neem seed and nine chromatographic fractions (F₁, - F₁₀) were tested against poplar defoliator P. cupreata for their antifeedant activity. Preliminary studies indicate antifeedant activity by Methanol extract, Fraction 2 and Fraction 10. These three active extractives were further tested following method of Nakanishi. Five replications of ten insects each were used for test. The methanol extract and fraction 2 were found significantly effective gustatory phagodeterrent when compared to fraction 10 and controls. These extractives can be used for foliage protection of Populus deltoides against P. cupreata.

Keywords

Neem Seed Extractives, Pygaera Cupreata, Antifeedant Activity.

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Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal , K. S. Ayyar

Abstract

Bark samples collected from the trunk portion of mature trees belonging to 31 species were examined for the yield in which oxalic acid could be isolated from them. The bark of Tectona grandis of more than 40 years of age gave oxalic acid in 8.3% to 15.55%) yield. While the bark of Toon ciliata collected from trees growing in the campus of Forest Research Institute was found to contain rich deposits of oxalates (yield of oxalic acid 10.86% to 18.98%), samples of the bark drawn from trees growing in other parts of India gave oxlic acid only in moderate yields of 5.15% to 10.87%. Barks of other species either did not give any oxalic acid or gave it in meagre quantities.

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Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal , A. S. Gulati , K. S. Ayyar

Abstract

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Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal , K. S. Ayyar

Abstract

Essential oil from the heartwood of Cryptomeria japonica was obtained by steam distillation of the petroleum ether (60-80) extract of the heartwood. Its infrared spectrum and gas-liquid chromatographic analysis indicated the presence of at least 14 compounds with hydroxyl and/or carbonyl groups. Further work on the isolation and identification of individual compound is in progress.

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Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal , Mohd Swaleh

Abstract

The barks of Terminalia species are a good source of Oxalic acid and Tannins. On storing these barks in the open to stand a rainfall of 2825.80 mm the Oxalic acid content remained almost unaffected. The Tannins in these barks were leached out.

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Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal

Abstract

One of the isotable by-products in the oxalic acid industry based on the barks of Terminalia alata is the tannins. The present investigations indicate it to be a promising soil stabiliser.

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Kuldip Dhatia , Jia Lal , Mohd Swaleh

Abstract

The studies have been made to explore the commercial potentialitie of barks of Terminalia arjuna, T. alata, T. bellirica and T. chebula from various parts of Uttar Pradesh. These barks were examined for their tannins and oxalic acid content. It was observed that the barks of T. arjuna and T. alata are most suitable for the production of oxalic acid. Barks of T. bellirica also had a high oxalic acid content, but a comparatively lower tannin cOntent. Barks of T. chebula, in general, contained lesser oxalic acid. Significant variation of oxalic acid and tannin coatents within the bark samples of the name species obtained from different regions have been observed.

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M. G. Karnik , Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal

Abstract

The oils obtained by water and steam distillation of pure needles, pure twigs, and twigs with needles of Pinus roxburghii have been studied. The oils were examined for specific gravity, optical rotation, refractive index, acid and ester values and esters calculated as bornyl acetate. The oil obtained from pure needles has the highest ester value and appears to be better in quality.

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M. G. Karnik , Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal

Abstract

The partial and total saccharification of the fir and spruce woods were carried out using sulphuric acid as hydrolysing agent. The potential reducing sugar yields and the constituent sugars were determined.

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M. G. Karnik , Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal

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Variations in the oil content and physico-chemical properties of the pine needle oil from Pinus roxburghii with the month of harvesting the needles have been studied. The period November-January has been found to be most suitable for harvesting the needles for the distillation of essential oil.

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M. G. Karnik , Kuldip Bhatia , Jia Lal

Abstract

The studies have been made to explore the commercial potentialities of sal bark (Shorea robusta Gaertn.). The bark was analysed for ash, tans, non-tans and colour of the extract. Tannins were isolated under different temperatures and periods of extraction. Spray-dried tan extract was analysed for ash, tans, non-tans and colour intensity. Proximate chemical analysis of the spent bark was carried out. To isolate cellulose from the spent sal bark, the material was cooked under pressure in an alkaline medium of sod. Hydroxide and a mixture of sod. Hydroxide and sod. Sulphide and the resultant cellulose was subjected to usual bleaching process using bleaching powder. Yield of the bleached cellulose obtained was 80.03 per cent. The bleached cellulose was then analysed for its major chemical constituents. A sample of this cellulose was sent to the Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, U.S.A. for data on x-ray electronmicrograph and viscosity and this data is incorporated in the article. Briquettes of saw dust and coal dust were made using alkali lignin recovered after digestion of the spent bark, as a binder. The briquettes were found to have good resistance to handling. Probable industries where sal bark can be profitably utilized are indicated.

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M. G. Karnik , Kuldip Bhatia , Inder Dev , Jia Lal

Abstract

The studies have been made to explore the possible commercial utilization of Sap I wood of Khair. The Sap wood was analysed for its major chemical constituents and the optimum conditions to isolate cellulose suitable for cellulose based industries have been described. The chemical composition of the cellulose and its fibre dimensions have been determined. The experiments were undertaken to prepare cellulose gum and the data on its evaluation are presented in the article.

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