J. K. Sharma , Sandeep Sharma

Abstract

The litterfall under sapling, pole and mature stands of Chir pine in Shiwalik hills of Himachal Pradesh have been studied. The litter comprised of needles, twig and bark in sapling and pole stands whereas in mature stands, the cones were also included. The litterfall was maximum in summer months i.e. April and May in sapling, pole and mature Chir pine stands but was also influenced by the micro-climatic conditions of that year. The needles had the maximum share (93 to 99%) in total litter under all the Chir pine stands. The average annual litterfall recorded under sapling, pole and mature Chir pine stands was 44.53, 73.72 and 76.39 q/ha, respectively in Shiwalik hills. It was also found that one third needle litter fall occurred in April and May months causing forest fires in Chir pine forests. The information evolved from the present study may be beneficial for devising management strategires for Chir pine needle litter.

Full Text

     

Sandeep Sharma , P. S. Negi , K. S. Thakur , Surinder Kumar

Abstract

Colutea nepalensis is an important shrub of cold desert areas. A study was conducted to examine vegetative propagation of this species through shoot cuttings. The cuttings were collected from Pooh area of Kinnaur District of Himachal Pradesh during spring and autumn seasons and treated with IBA and IBA in combination with thiamine for induction and growth of adventitious ischolar_mains under intermittent mist in sterilized sand. Assessments on ischolar_maining, sprouting, ischolar_main number, ischolar_main length, shoot number and shoot length on the cuttings were conducted after 120-days of treatments. Of these, IBA treatments significantly promoted adventitious ischolar_maining in shoot cuttings collected during spring but in combination with thiamine failed to produce any synergetic effects on induction and growth of adventitious ischolar_mains. The highest ischolar_maining in that season (96.67%) was obtained from cuttings treated with 0.2% IBA + 0.05% Captan + 0.1% Sucrose. However, treatment of 0.1% IBA + 0.05% Captan+O.l% Sucrose is recommended as most economical treatment for mass propagation of Colutea nepalensis in mist chamber during spring season.

Full Text

     

H. S. Ginwal , P. S. Rawat , Sandeep Sharma , A. S. Bhandari , C. Krishnan , P. K. Shukla

Abstract

Seedling quality is a key factor in the success of any tree plantation programme, which ultimately depends upon the ischolar_main system. Root trainers are increasingly being used to deal with the problem of ischolar_main coiling and distortion commonly encountered in polybag grown seedlings. Due to the lack of species specific results for Indian conditions and species, ischolar_main trainers are still at the initial stage of use in Indian nurseries. In the present investigation, a multivariate approach has been adopted to find out the right size/volume and type of ischolar_main trainer for raising Dalbergia sissoo seedlings in the nursery. Root trainers of various type and cell sizes like Hiko trays 90 cc, 150 cc, 300 cc, Book type 200 cc and single cell bullet type 290 cc were tried and the growth and biomass production of D. sissoo seedlings in 3 months time period was studied. The quality parameters of seedlings in various treatments were figured out. The seedlings raised under different size and type of ischolar_main trainers were also observed in the field for two consecutive years. Though the Hiko tray 300 cc cell volume scored maximum points in respect of seedling quality parameters upto the nursery stage, field performance of Hiko tray 150 cc volume was found the best. The Hiko tray 150 cc cell volume raised seedlings achieved maximum plant height and collar diameter after field planting although the performance of Hiko tray 300 cc and 150 cc cell volume was statistically at par in respect offield survival. The results have indicated that though the nursery stage growth performance has scored maximum points in respect of Hiko tray 300 cc cell volume due to greater space available for the ischolar_main system, the field performance of 150 cc volume is significantly better than the 300 cc one. Thus the Hiko tray 150 cc volume is the best size/volume and type of ischolar_main trainer for raising D. sissoo seedlings in nursery. The Hiko tray 300 cc volume comes out in the second category.

Full Text

     

Mohit Gera , Neelu Gera , Sandeep Sharma

Abstract

Three and a half-year-old plants of 40 clones of Tectona grandis were quantitatively measured for plant height, collar diameter and survival per cent to assess the variability. Significant variations were recorded in all the three parameters studied. The extent of variations in growth parameters of height and collar diameter was large compared to survival per cent. Plant height and collar diameter gave comparable values for genotypic and phenotypic variations and coefficient of variation indicating that these parameters are under genetic control. Maximum heritability was observed for height (85.50%) followed by collar diameter (74.02%) compared to 23.07% in survival per cent. Both the growth attributes, i.e., height and collar diameter were found to be heritable and there is a scope for considerable genetic gain through selection. Plant height and collar diameter also recorded the higher genetic gains 46.63% and 36.83% respectively, indicating effectiveness of these parameters for selection of best individuals/ clones.

Full Text

     

H. S. Ginwal , P. S. Rawat , Sandeep Sharma , A. S. Bhandari , C. Krishnan , P. K Shukla

Abstract

Root trainers are increasingly being used to deal with the problem of ischolar_main coiling in polybag grown seedlings. However, the technology has not been standardized for most of the tropical tree species. In a multivariate investigation involving 5 type of ischolar_main trainers namely Hiko pots 90 cc, 150 cc, 300 cc, Book type 200 cc, and Single cell bullet type 290 cc, growth performance of Acacia nilotica seedlings was assessed on the basis of seedling quality parameters. The performance of the seedlings was also assessed in the field for two years.The seedlings raised in 300 cc Hiko pots performed the best in nursery as well as in the field. However, the performance of Hiko tray 150 cc cell volume and Single cell 290 cc appeared statistically equal with the Hiko tray 300 cc cell volume after two years field performance of seedlings. The results are indicative that, though Hiko trays 300 cc cell volume is the best size and type of ischolar_main trainer for A. nilotica, however, when there is a space constraint in nursery and the objective is to raise more number of seedlings per unit area of the nursery space, the Hiko tray 150 cc volume is equally good.

Full Text

     

P. S. Negi , Sandeep Sharma

Full Text

     

Mohit Gera , Neelu Gera , Sandeep Sharma , A. S. Bhandari

Abstract

Polybag raised seedlings have many disadvantages viz., ischolar_main coiling and distortion, scanty lateral ischolar_main development and frequent shifting operations. To deal with the problem, Mounted Angle Iron (MAI) beds have been designed. Polybags with perforations at the bottom are placed on these beds. The tap ischolar_main is expected to get exposed through the perforations and air-pruned leading to development of fibrous ischolar_main system. A trial was carried out to compare the performance of polybag seedlings of Albizia procera S₁, Acacia nilotica S₂, Sesbania grandiflora S₃. And Sesbania sesban S₄., raised on MAI beds with those raised on nursery beds. The observations suggest that the seedlings raised on MAI beds recorded higher fibrous ischolar_main biomass i.e.I.08g, 0.79g, O.94g and 0.82g per plant as compared to 0.49g, 0.30g, 0.36g and 0.30g of control (nursery bed seedlings) for S₁, S₂, S₃. and S₄. respectively; and number of nodules i.e. 75.3, 20.6, 55.2 and 52.9 as compared to 24.5, 9.3, 25.4 and 11.5 in control for S₁, S₂, S₃. And S₄ respectively. In case of ischolar_main length, leaf biomass and primary ischolar_main biomass, the nursery bed raised seedlings recorded higher values for all the four species. No difference was observed in case of seedling height, collar diameter, stem, biomass and total biomass. The improved polybagseedlings production system has enhanced the quality parameters of seedlings i.e. fibrosity and nodulation.

Full Text

     

Sandeep sharma , P. S. Rawat , Mohit Gera , N. C. Pant

Abstract

Newly introduced five clones of Poplar (Populus deltoides Marsh) from Northern India to Central India, were studied for their leaf shedding and emerg.::mce behaviour during winter and spring seasons. The clones namely G-3, G-48, D-121 and S7-Cl remained in complete leafless condition for 2, 5, 7 and 6 weeks respectively. The leaf emergence in these clones started in first week of March and rapid leaf formation was recorded in subsequent weeks during March and April. The clone 65/ 27 has maintained its evergreen status under Central Indian conditions with minimum no. ofleaves during the months of January and February. These observations suggest the existence of a very short deciduous period in all the clones under Central Indian conditions. It has been further suggested that the deciduous condition has definite role in deciding the suitability of the clone under tropical conditions of Central India.

Full Text

     

Mohit Gera , Sandeep Sharma , A. S. Bhandari , R. L. Srivastava

Abstract

Polybag raised seedlings have many disadvantages viz., ischolar_main coiling and distortion. Scanty lateral ischolar_main development and frequent shifting operations. To deal with the problem, mounted angel Iron (MAI) beds have been designed. Polybags with perforations at the bottom are placed on these beds. The tap ischolar_main is expected to get exposed through the perforations and air pruned leadling to development of fibrous ischolar_main system. A trial was carried out to compare the performance of polybag seedlings of Dalbergia Sissoo raised on MAI beds with those raised on nursery beds. The observations suggest that the seedlings raised on MAI beds recorded significantly higher fibrous ischolar_main biomass (dry wt.t.78 gm/seedling). Number of ischolar_mains (47/seedling) and number of nodules (131/seedling) as compared to 0.84 gm./seedling, 31/seedling and 29/seedIing respectively, in nursery bed raised polybag seedlings. In case of ischolar_main length and primary ischolar_main biomass, the nursery bed raised seedlings recorded significantly higher values of 47.2 cm and 3.10 gm dry wt/seedling respectively as compared to 22.5 cm and 2.22 gm/seedling respectively in seedlings raised on MAI beds. No significant differenec was observed in case of seedling height, collar diameter, leaf biomass and total biomass. The improved polybags seedling production system has significantly enhanced the quality parameters of Dalbergia sissoo seedlings i.e. fibrosity and nodulation.

Full Text

     

N. Roychoudhury , Sandeep Sharma , D. R. Moulik , K. C. Joshi

Abstract

Perciana flavifusa Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is recorded as a serious pest of Grewia optiva Drumm. ex Burret (family Tiliaceae). The host plant, occurrence, pest status, feeding behaviour, growth and development, and description of insect, are reported for the first time.

Full Text

     

P. S. Negi ¹, Sandeep Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Panthaghati, Shimla-171 009 (H.P.), IN

Abstract

An experimental trial was conducted to study the effect of time of fruit collection on the germination of Fraxinus xanthoxyloides seeds-an important lesser known tree species of cold desert area. The seeds of Fraxinus xanthoxyloides were collected on 15 days interval (Fortnightly basis) starting from 1st September, 2007 to 15^th December, 2007 and were subjected to germination testing without any pre-sowing treatments. Significant differences were observed in germination percentage, moisture content of samaras and seeds of Fraxinus xanthoxyloides seeds collected during different collection period. Seed collected during second fortnight of October recorded maximum 26.67 per cent germination followed by 24.00 per cent in seeds collected during first fortnight of November and 23.33 per cent germination in seeds collected during first fortnight of October. Seeds collected during first fortnight of December recorded minimum 6.67 per cent germination. Optimum time of seed collection in Fraxinus xanthoxyloides is found to be between first fortnight of October and first fortnight of November.

Keywords

Fraxinus xanthoxyloides, Germination Per Cent, Moisture Content, Samaras.

Full Text