Adverse Effects of Combinatorial Therapy of Vildagliptin and Insulin on Cardiac Tissues in Diabetic Rats

Objectives: This study is aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular adverse effects of fixed dose combination of vildagliptin (10 mg/kg body weight) and insulin (0.27 I.U/kg body weight) on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods and Analysis: The cardiac tissues were weighed and homogenized using ice cold phosphate buffer, centrifuged and the supernatant used for further parameters. The different parameters were measured spectrophotometrically and statistical analysis of data was done by ANOVA followed by dunnet's post hoc test. The test samples consist of diabetic animal fed with vildagliptin and insulin as monotherapies and also as combinatorial therapy and the approach used for comparing them is by SPSS data analysis software version 19.0. Findings: The histopathological studies show that in combinatorial therapy of vildagliptin and insulin in alloxan an induced diabetic rat shows pathological lesions, inflammatory infiltration and eosinophylic cytoplasm. With regard to cardiac marker enzymes their levels were significantly elevated in combinatorial therapy showing cardiac damage. With regard to lipid profile the total cholesterol has been significantly reduced in combinatorial therapy showing it was not properly metabolized. These results were analysed by dunnet's post hoc test and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. The drugs are producing severe adverse effects only at the post clinical trial stage. Our studies focus on the adverse effects produced by the drugs at the post clinical trial stage. Monitoring adverse drug reaction is still at a nascent stage owing to lack of awareness and healthcare professionals abstaining from reporting negative effects of pharmaceuticals. So our studies will be really helpful for developing new drugs which are devoid of adverse effects. Applications and Improvement: Our research will be a great resource for the pharmaceutical sector to develop new drugs which are devoid of all these adverse effects.