Indian Journal of Science and Technology

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Effect of pH and Particle Size for Lead and Nickel Uptake from Aqueous Solution using Cassava (Manihot esculenta) and Yam (Dioscoreaalata) Residual Biomasses Modified with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles


Affiliations
1 Chemical Engineering Department, Nanomaterials and Computer Aided Process Engineering Research Group (NIPAC), University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
2 Chemical Engineering Department, Process Design and Biomass Utilization Research Group (IDAB), University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
 

Background: Heavy metal water pollutants have received great attention due to its toxic effects on the environmental and health of human beings. Different techniques have been applied to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution including ion exchange, chemical precipitation and adsorption. Objectives: In this work, biosorption process was studied for nickel and lead ions uptake onto agricultural residual biomasses chemically modified with TiO2. Methods/Analysis: The titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized based on a green procedure using a leaf extract of lemongrass. Cassava and yam peels biomasses (CP and YP) were prepared and loaded with these nanoparticles through an organic solvent. The resulting biosorbents (CP-TiO2 and YP-TiO2) were characterized by FT-IR and SEM analysis in order to identify functional groups and morphology. The effect of pH and particle size on removal yield was evaluated by carrying out batch adsorption experiments at room temperature and fixed biosorbent dosage. Findings: It was observed characteristic peaks of titanium dioxide in FT-IR spectra of biosorbents confirming its successful synthesis. The carboxyl and hydroxyl groups were also identified, which can easily bind with metal ions to remove them from the solution. The surface of biosorbents showed a non-porous and heterogeneous morphology. The solution pH=6 was selected as suitable value according to adsorption result and point of zero net charge. The particle size did not significantly affect adsorption performance of biomaterials. The removal yields were 99.84% and 99.85% for Pb (II) using CP-TiO2 and YP-TiO2, respectively. For Ni (II), the removal yields were 81.51% and 86.66% using CP-TiO2 and YP-TiO2biosorbents. Novelty/Improvement: These results suggested that agricultural wastes, such as cassava and lemon peels, can be used to prepare biosorbents with high adsorption efficiency and its modification with nanoparticles allowsattracting greater amount of heavy metal ions increasing removal yields.
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  • Effect of pH and Particle Size for Lead and Nickel Uptake from Aqueous Solution using Cassava (Manihot esculenta) and Yam (Dioscoreaalata) Residual Biomasses Modified with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Abstract Views: 199  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Adriana Herrera-Barros
Chemical Engineering Department, Nanomaterials and Computer Aided Process Engineering Research Group (NIPAC), University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
Candelaria Tejada-Tovar
Chemical Engineering Department, Process Design and Biomass Utilization Research Group (IDAB), University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
Angel Villabona-Ortiz
Chemical Engineering Department, Process Design and Biomass Utilization Research Group (IDAB), University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
Angel Gonzalez-Delgado
Chemical Engineering Department, Nanomaterials and Computer Aided Process Engineering Research Group (NIPAC), University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia
Luis Fornaris-Lozada
Chemical Engineering Department, Process Design and Biomass Utilization Research Group (IDAB), University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia

Abstract


Background: Heavy metal water pollutants have received great attention due to its toxic effects on the environmental and health of human beings. Different techniques have been applied to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution including ion exchange, chemical precipitation and adsorption. Objectives: In this work, biosorption process was studied for nickel and lead ions uptake onto agricultural residual biomasses chemically modified with TiO2. Methods/Analysis: The titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized based on a green procedure using a leaf extract of lemongrass. Cassava and yam peels biomasses (CP and YP) were prepared and loaded with these nanoparticles through an organic solvent. The resulting biosorbents (CP-TiO2 and YP-TiO2) were characterized by FT-IR and SEM analysis in order to identify functional groups and morphology. The effect of pH and particle size on removal yield was evaluated by carrying out batch adsorption experiments at room temperature and fixed biosorbent dosage. Findings: It was observed characteristic peaks of titanium dioxide in FT-IR spectra of biosorbents confirming its successful synthesis. The carboxyl and hydroxyl groups were also identified, which can easily bind with metal ions to remove them from the solution. The surface of biosorbents showed a non-porous and heterogeneous morphology. The solution pH=6 was selected as suitable value according to adsorption result and point of zero net charge. The particle size did not significantly affect adsorption performance of biomaterials. The removal yields were 99.84% and 99.85% for Pb (II) using CP-TiO2 and YP-TiO2, respectively. For Ni (II), the removal yields were 81.51% and 86.66% using CP-TiO2 and YP-TiO2biosorbents. Novelty/Improvement: These results suggested that agricultural wastes, such as cassava and lemon peels, can be used to prepare biosorbents with high adsorption efficiency and its modification with nanoparticles allowsattracting greater amount of heavy metal ions increasing removal yields.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst%2F2018%2Fv11i21%2F123250