Indian Journal of Science and Technology

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Sustainable Biomethane, Biofertilizer and Biodiesel System from Poultry Waste


Affiliations
1 Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
 

In this study we developed and tested a sustainable system that produces high-yield outputs of biomethane, biofertilizer and biodiesel. These were achieved by blending of poultry manure (PM), paper pulp and algae waste sludge in co-digestion producing biomethane, digestate filtrated semi-solid and aqueous, the former as biofertilizer and latter used in algal cultivation to enhance algal biomass for biodiesel production. The varied blending of the substrates resulted in carbon/nitrogen ratios (C/N) of 26, 30, 31, 34 and 37 which were assessed for biomethane. C/N 26 resulted in 1045 mL/L/d (74% biomethane content) which was highest yield comparing to other C/N, C/N 30 achieved in similar (1010 mL/L/d) making the C/N range for optimum biomethane for these substrates ranging between C/N 26 to 30. Pretreatments of the digestate improve the yields of biomethane in C/N 26 and 30 significantly. We assessed all the digestates from each of the C/N 26, 30, 31, 34 and 37 based on nitrogen mineralization and found C/N 26 to 31 as being nutrients-rich. Digestate in algal supplemental indicated glucose depletion linearly depleting, lowest with the nutrients-rich that is C/N 26 to 30. As expected, digestates from C/N 34 and 37 in single-addition failed to yield comparable algal yields then yields from C/N 26, 30 and 31 digestates at 120 h that achieved dry cell weight (DCW) of 7.72, 7.8 and 7.12 g/L respectively. To improve alga biomass yield and enhance cellular lipid content and its final yield, we investigated two-stage supplemental feeding strategy using digestates from C/N 26 and 30. Based on cultivation 'without' digestate that showed growth phases, we added digestate at lag-exponential (0-120 h) and stationary (120- 180 h) phases. The supplemental feeding resulted in rapid glucose depletion achieving 9 g/L at 120 and reaching lipid yield 3.77 g/L after 180 h. Conclusively, a circular system using the biowastes discussed or similar in nature can develop and constitute a self-supporting sustainable system opportunities.

Keywords

Poultry Manure, Biomethane, Biogas, Biofertilizer, Chlorella Vulgaris, Biodiesel
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  • Sustainable Biomethane, Biofertilizer and Biodiesel System from Poultry Waste

Abstract Views: 402  |  PDF Views: 146

Authors

Gene Drekeke Iyovo
Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Guocheng Du
Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Jian Chen
Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China

Abstract


In this study we developed and tested a sustainable system that produces high-yield outputs of biomethane, biofertilizer and biodiesel. These were achieved by blending of poultry manure (PM), paper pulp and algae waste sludge in co-digestion producing biomethane, digestate filtrated semi-solid and aqueous, the former as biofertilizer and latter used in algal cultivation to enhance algal biomass for biodiesel production. The varied blending of the substrates resulted in carbon/nitrogen ratios (C/N) of 26, 30, 31, 34 and 37 which were assessed for biomethane. C/N 26 resulted in 1045 mL/L/d (74% biomethane content) which was highest yield comparing to other C/N, C/N 30 achieved in similar (1010 mL/L/d) making the C/N range for optimum biomethane for these substrates ranging between C/N 26 to 30. Pretreatments of the digestate improve the yields of biomethane in C/N 26 and 30 significantly. We assessed all the digestates from each of the C/N 26, 30, 31, 34 and 37 based on nitrogen mineralization and found C/N 26 to 31 as being nutrients-rich. Digestate in algal supplemental indicated glucose depletion linearly depleting, lowest with the nutrients-rich that is C/N 26 to 30. As expected, digestates from C/N 34 and 37 in single-addition failed to yield comparable algal yields then yields from C/N 26, 30 and 31 digestates at 120 h that achieved dry cell weight (DCW) of 7.72, 7.8 and 7.12 g/L respectively. To improve alga biomass yield and enhance cellular lipid content and its final yield, we investigated two-stage supplemental feeding strategy using digestates from C/N 26 and 30. Based on cultivation 'without' digestate that showed growth phases, we added digestate at lag-exponential (0-120 h) and stationary (120- 180 h) phases. The supplemental feeding resulted in rapid glucose depletion achieving 9 g/L at 120 and reaching lipid yield 3.77 g/L after 180 h. Conclusively, a circular system using the biowastes discussed or similar in nature can develop and constitute a self-supporting sustainable system opportunities.

Keywords


Poultry Manure, Biomethane, Biogas, Biofertilizer, Chlorella Vulgaris, Biodiesel

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst%2F2010%2Fv3i10%2F29833