Anthropometric Indices for the Prediction of Metabolic Syndrome and its Features, among Children and Adolescents

Metabolic syndrome refers to cluster of cardiovascular diseases risk factors, not only seen in adults but in children and adolescents too. Though in children and adolescents its prevalence is not as high as among adults, the existence even in low percentage poses greater economic burden and hurdle to national development. Identification of subjects with this syndrome can only be done if data on anthropometry (height, weight or waist circumference, blood pressure) and biochemical (fasting blood glucose, High density lipoprotein triglycerides) is available. But biochemical estimation especially in children and adolescents is difficult due to its poor acceptance because of its invasive nature. Thus, it leads to non recognition of this syndrome. Therefore there is a need to build up a strategy where in these young age group are not ignored by health professionals. Based on review, prevalence is higher among overweight and obese subjects in comparison to normal weight. Overweight and obese subjects should be screened through the use of anthropometric measurements such as waist circumference, body mass index, waist to height ratio and neck circumference. Screened subjects then should be subjected to invasive techniques for confirmation of syndrome. This process of prediction will be cost effective and also the high risk subject will not be ignored. Anthropometric indices have different sensitivity and specificity to predict metabolic syndrome at a younger age but the index was found to be significantly correlated with Metabolic syndrome is waist circumference.