Evaluation of the Role of Education System in the National Development of Pakistan:A Critical Review of Challenges and Opportunities in the Light of Literature

Education is the foundation of all developments. It paves the ways for development in different walks of life such as political, social and economic development. Quality education system helps a nation to achieve all this. Pakistan as a developing country has been facing critical problems of education since its inception and therefore, the system of education has failed to deliver according to the aspirations of the nation. This paper investigates into the main causes of the problems of education system in Pakistan. Critical review of the available literature was adopted as the main method of investigation. On the basis of critical review of available literature, this study found that lowering quality of teaching and learning, outdated curriculum, lack of financial allocations, lack of qualified teachers, lack of opportunities for professional development of teachers, poor monitoring and supervision system, poor evaluation practices, political interference, poor policy implementation, lack of physical and technical resources for schools and lack of parental participation were the main problems of the education system of Pakistan. On the basis of this investigation the study recommends that the system of education could be improved by increasing the budgetary allocations to education, providing quality continues training facilities to teachers of education, improving the system of supervision and management, providing basic physical and technical resources, evaluating and updating the curriculum at all levels of education keeping in view national and international needs, involving parents in the process of education, lessening political interference, increasing professional accountability in the system through introducing quality standard operating procedures and appointing qualified teachers.