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Effect of Duration of Disease and Glycemic Control on Attention, Executive Function and Visual Reaction Time in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients of Bangalore
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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus a common endocrine disorder is on constant rise in the world. Diabetes mellitus is associated with premature mortality and several complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases. It can lead to decrease in psychomotor speed, executive functions, verbal memory, processing speed, complex motor functioning, working memory, visual retention and attention. These consequences have been attributed to glycemic control and duration of disease.
Objective: 1) To correlate duration of disease with attention, executive function and visual reaction time in type 2 diabetes patients.
2) To correlate HbA1c with attention, executive function and visual reaction time in type 2 diabetes patients.
Materials and Method: 60 uncomplicated Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of either sex, aged 40-60 years were recruited from Diabetic Clinic Victoria Hospital, Bangalore. Ethical clearance & informed consent taken. After detailed examination & history taking, 2ml of fasting blood sample were taken for estimation of HbA1c. The cognitive tests include Digit vigilance test for attention, Stroop test for executive functions and visual reaction time using Human Benchmark software. Correlation was found using Pearson correlation, p value<0.05 taken as statistically significant.
Results: The Attention and executive function scores and visual reaction time are positively correlated with both duration of disease and HbA1c. Significant correlation is found with attention and Visual Reaction time with p value<0.05.
Conclusion: With progressive increase in the duration of disease and HbA1c levels there is decline in Attention and executive function & increase in Visual reaction time.
Keywords
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