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Shakeela, V.
- Influence of Soil Type on Infectivity and Persistence of Indigenous Isolates of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Heterorhabditis Indica Poinar et Al. (nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) and Steinernema Carpocapsae Weiser (nematoda: Steinernematidae)
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Journal of Biological Control, Vol 23, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 63-72Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes are now well recognized as potential biological control agents against a wide range of insect pests. Although EPN inhabit the soil, their field application and success depends on soil texture and other abiotic characteristics. Information on the influence of soil variability on the efficacy of EPN is scanty and limited. In view of this, an in vitro study was carried out to examine the influence of soil types on the infectivity and persistence of Heterorhabditis indica and Steinernema carpocapsae with different foraging habits. The pathogenicity and persistence of S. carpocapsae and H. indica varied in different soil types. Virulence of S. carpocapsae PDBC EN 11 was maximum in sandy clay loam soils (I, II and III), clay, sandy clay and sandy soil (I) with 90-100% mortality of wax moth larvae, Galleria mellonella at 24h exposure whereas mortality due to H. indica PDBC EN 13.31 was maximum in soil types of sand, sandy clay, clay, silt and two types of sandy clay loam with absolute mortality within 36h post exposure. The virulence of S. carpocapsae was greater than H. indica in all soil types. Both the nematode species persisted longer in silt and silty clay soils compared to sandy and sandy clay loam soils. Soil type affected nematode infectivity and persistence differentially with lighter soil types favouring virulence and heavier soil types with higher silt fractions favouring persistence over time.Keywords
Entomopathogenic Nematode, Soil Types, Infectivity and Persistence.Full Text
References
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- Influence of Temperature on Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Black Cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) and Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus) Larvae
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1 P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road Hebbal, Bangalore, 560 024, Karnataka, IN
1 P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road Hebbal, Bangalore, 560 024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 19, No 1 (2005), Pagination: 51-58Abstract
Effect of different temperatures on infectivity and progeny production of indigenous entomopathogenic nematode isolates, Steinernema carpocapsae PDBC EN 6.11, S. abbasi PDBC EN 3.1, S.tami PDBC EN 2.1, and Heterorhabditis indica PDBC EN 6.71, PDBC EN 13.3 were studied under laboratory condition against Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus) and Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) final instar larvae. All isolates caused absolute mortality of test insect larvae, and produced progeny at 25 and 32°C. Low rate of infection or no infection was observed at lower temperatures, 15 and 8°C, respectively. Time required to kill host insects by all isolates showed difference at 15, 25 and 32°C. Shortest time for mortality of A. ipsilon and G. mellonella larvae was observed at 32°C followed by 25°C. Absolute mortality of larvae was observed with all isolates after 48 and 72 hours at 25° and 32°C, whereas the same was not achieved at 15°C even after 96 hours post exposure. Progeny production of all isolates varied with reference to temperature. Irrespective of isolates, 25°C was found suitable for infection and development of nematode populations.Keywords
Agratis ipsilon, Entomopalhogenic Nematodes, Galleria mellonella, Heterorhabditis indica, Steinernema abbasi, S. carpocapsae, S. tami, Temperature.Full Text