Comparison of Yield for the Extraction of Solanum virginianum Bio-Oil with Different Solvents

Bio-oil is a promising alternative energy source, offering a potential substitute for conventional fuels upon upgrading. This study is focused on extracting Solanum virginianum bio-oil using various solvents to compare the yields. Bio-oil derived from different feedstocks, including used cooking oil and non-edible sources, shows a calorific value of approximately 35 MJ/kg and a viscosity of 40 cP at 40°C. The energy density of this material, ranging from 20 to 25 MJ/kg, is comparable to traditional fossil fuels, making it a viable option for power generation. The ease of storage and transportation of this oil enhances its attractiveness to gaseous fuels. The applications of bio-oil include its use in gas turbines, diesel engines, and boilers and as a biofuel for transportation. Soxhlet extraction, known for its efficiency, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness, has been used to extract compounds from Solanum virginianum seeds. The proposed method is widely applied across industries, including natural products, environmental analysis, food, pharmaceuticals, and chemical analysis.