Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Substantial Purification of Waste Glycerol – A Byproduct of Biofuel Industry its Product Characterization


Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


An increase in greenhouse gas effect and depletion of fossil fuel leads to work on alternate renewable source of energy. Biofuel, in which biodiesel has gained its importance over a decade due to its promising characteristics. Crude glycerol is produced as an inevitable byproduct during biodiesel production. The carbon content of the waste glycerol can be utilized by many microorganisms as a cheap carbon and energy source for the production of high value chemicals like ethanol, citric acid, propanediol etc. In this present work simple sequential procedures like distillation, acidification, activated charcoal adsorption, filtration and centrifugation were carried out made to remove major impurities economically and increases the glycerol concentration. The removal of impurities from crude glycerol and the increase in the concentration of glycerol were witnessed from GCMS and GC-FID reports. The procedure followed in this work provided a realistic and concrete target shows a momentous proliferation of increased glycerol concentration from 10.43% to 44 %. The other properties of glycerol were studied and compared with standard methods.

Keywords

Biodiesel, Crude Glycerol, High-Value Chemicals, GC-MS and GC-FID.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Bhaskar S, Abhishek G, Ismail R, and Faizal I. Towards a sustainable approach for the development of biodiesel from plant and microalgae. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 29; 2014:216–245.

  • Yahaya MS, Mohd. Ashri W, Wan Daud AR. and Abdul A. Activity of solid acid catalysts for biodiesel production: A critical review. Applied Catalysis A: General, 470;2014:140– 161.

  • Noshadi I, Amin NAS, and Richard S P. Continuous production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil in a reactive distillation column catalyzed by solid heteropolyacid: Optimization using response surface methodology (RSM).Fuel, 94; 2012:156–164.

  • Cesar AGQ, Christain JRC and Joao A C. Glycerol: production, consumption, prices, characterization and new trends in combustion. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,27; 2013: 475 – 493

  • Thompson JC, and He BB. Characterization of crude glycerol from biodiesel production from multiple feed stocks. Applied Engg in Agriculture, 22; 2006: 261-25.

  • Chozhavendhan S, Praveen Kumar R, Sivarathnakumar S,Kirubalini G, Barathiraja B, and Jayakumar M. A Comparative analysison microbial production of primary alcohols using pretreated glycerol. Asian Jr. Microbiol. Biotech. Env. Sc., 17; 2015: 9-13.

  • Chen J, Song Yan, Zhang X, DayalTyagi R, Surampalli Rao Y, and Valéro JR.Chemical and biological conversion of crude glycerol derived from waste cooking oil to biodiesel. Waste Management,71; 2017:164-175.

  • Uprety BK, Dalli SS, and Rakshit SK. Bioconversion of crude glycerol to microbial lipid using a robust oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidiumtoruloides ATCC 10788 capable of growing in the presence of impurities. Energy Conver. Manage, 135; 2017: 117–128.

  • Yen HW, Yang YC, and Yu YH. Using crude glycerol and thin stillage for the production of microbial lipids through the cultivation of Rhodotorulaglutinis. J. Biosci. Bioeng.,114; 2012: 453–456.

  • Mythili R, Venkatachalam P, Subramanian P, and Uma D. Recovery of side streams in biodiesel production process, Fuel, 117; 2014:103-108.

  • Gervasio PS, Mack M, and ContieroJ. Glycerol: a promising and abundant carbon source for industrial microbiology. BiotechnolAdv, 27(1); 2008: 30–39.

  • Nartker S, Ammerman M, Aurandt J, Stogsdil M, Hayden O, and Antle C. Increasing biogas production from sewage sludge anaerobic co-digestion process by adding crude glycerol from biodiesel industry. Waste Manage, 34; 2014: 2567–2571.

  • Oliveira JV, Alves MM, and Costa JC. Optimization of biogas production from Sargassum sp. using a design of experiments to assess the co-digestion with glycerol and waste frying oil. Bioresour. Technol., 175; 2015: 480–485.

  • TrchounianK, Poladyan A, and Trchounian A. Optimizing strategy for Escherichia coli growth and hydrogen production during glycerol fermentation in batch culture: effects of some heavy metal ions and their mixtures. Appl. Energy, 177; 2016: 335–340.

  • Chatzifragkou A, Makri A, Belka A, Bellou S, Mastoridou M, Mystrioti P, Onjaro G, Aggelis G, and Papanialaou S. Biotechnological conversions of biodiesel derived waste glycerol by yeast and fungal species. Energy, 36; 2011a: 1097-1108.

  • Chatzifragkou, A., Papanikolaou, S., Dietz, D., Doulgeraki,AI., Nychas, GJE., & Zeng, AP. Production of 1,3-propanediol by Clostridium butyricum growing on biodiesel-derived crude glycerol through a nonsterilized fermentation process. ApplMicrobiolBiotechnol, 2011b, 91, 101-115.

  • Andre A, Diamantopoulou P, Philippoussis A, Sarris D, Komaitis M, and Papanikolaou S. Biotechnological conversions of bio-diesel derived waste glycerol into added-value compounds by higher fungi: production of biomass, single cell oil and oxalic acid, Ind Crop Prod, 31; 2010: 407-416.

  • Chozhavendhan S, Praveen Kumar R, Sivarathnakumar S, VinothArulraj J, Elavazhagan S, Bharathirja B, and Sunita JV. Production of ethanol by Zymomonasmobilisusing partially purified glycerol. Journal of Energy and Environmental Sustainability,4; 2017: 15-19.

  • Sneha KA, Rafael AG, and Zhiyou W. Use of biodiesel-derived crude glycerol for producing Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by the fungus Pythiumir regular. J Agric Food Chem, 57(7); 2009:27-39.

  • Ardi MS, ArouaMK, andAwanisHashim N. Progress, prospect and challenges in glycerol purification process: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 42; 2015: 1164–1173.

  • Shannon E, Kevin W, David V, and Zhiyou W. Continuous culture of the microalgae Schizochytriumlimacinum on biodiesel- derived crude glycerol for producing docosahexaenoic acid. BioresourTechnol, 102; 2011: 88-93.

  • Chi Z, Pyle D, Wen Z, Frear C, and Chen S. A laboratory study of producing docosahexaenoic acid from biodiesel-waste glycerol by microalgal fermentation. Process Biochem,42; 2007: 1837-1545.

  • Cai T, Li H, Zhao H, and Liao K. Purification of crude glycerol from waste cooking oil based biodiesel production by orthogonal test method. China Pet proc. And petrochemical Technol, 15(1); 2013: 48-53.

  • Bohon MD, Metzger BA, Linak W P, King CJ, and Roberts WL. Glycerol combustion and emission, Proceedings of the combustion Institute,33; 2001: 2717- 2724.

  • ChirstyMathelin R, Sumitha V, and Sivaandhan M. Semi purification and characterization of biodiesel waste derived crude glycerol. International journal of Inoovative Res in Tech, Sci and Engg,1(4); 2015: 141-146.

  • Nanda MR, Yuvan Z, Qin W, Poirier M A, and Chunboa X. Purification of crude glycerol using acidification: Effects of acid types and product characterization. Austin J ChemEng, 1(1); 2014: 1-7.


Abstract Views: 227

PDF Views: 0




  • Substantial Purification of Waste Glycerol – A Byproduct of Biofuel Industry its Product Characterization

Abstract Views: 227  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

S. Chozhavendhan
Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, India
K. Pavan Kumar
Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, India
Puja Sable
Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, India
R. Subbaiya
Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, India
G. Karthiga Devi
Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, India
S. Vinoth
Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, India

Abstract


An increase in greenhouse gas effect and depletion of fossil fuel leads to work on alternate renewable source of energy. Biofuel, in which biodiesel has gained its importance over a decade due to its promising characteristics. Crude glycerol is produced as an inevitable byproduct during biodiesel production. The carbon content of the waste glycerol can be utilized by many microorganisms as a cheap carbon and energy source for the production of high value chemicals like ethanol, citric acid, propanediol etc. In this present work simple sequential procedures like distillation, acidification, activated charcoal adsorption, filtration and centrifugation were carried out made to remove major impurities economically and increases the glycerol concentration. The removal of impurities from crude glycerol and the increase in the concentration of glycerol were witnessed from GCMS and GC-FID reports. The procedure followed in this work provided a realistic and concrete target shows a momentous proliferation of increased glycerol concentration from 10.43% to 44 %. The other properties of glycerol were studied and compared with standard methods.

Keywords


Biodiesel, Crude Glycerol, High-Value Chemicals, GC-MS and GC-FID.

References