Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Antimicrobial activity of Averrhoa carambola L. leaf extract and its Phytochemical Analysis


Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, India
2 University Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Growing drug resistance of microorganisms and adverse result of antibiotic usage have led to the search for alternative medicines from nature. Many plants have been exploited to cure infectious diseases from time immemorial. The current investigation deals with the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, preliminary phytochemical screening and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis of Averrhoa carambola L. leaf extracts. The antimicrobial activity was done by agar well diffusion method. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done by standard method. Plant extracts were found active against all the bacteria. Aqueous extract of A. carambola leaves showed higher antibacterial activity as compared with methanol and petroleum ether extract at the concentration of 25 mg/ml. Highest antibacterial activity was exhibited by the aqueous extract against Salmonella typhi (29.23±0.02 mm). The highest antifungal potential was exhibited by the methanol extract against Candida krusei (21.09±0.08 mm). Plant extracts were observed to be active against all the fungal pathogens except Aspergillus niger. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution method. The preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, phytosterol, proteins and amino acids, carbohydrates, glycosides etc. while saponins was absent in both the extract. The petroleum ether and methanolic extracts were subjected to TLC study and the Rf value of different spots was observed in various solvent systems. The outcomes of the present study indicate that A. carambola leaf is endowed with potential antimicrobial activity and hold promise for development of pharmaceuticals and antimicrobial agents in future.

Keywords

Averrhoa carambola L., Phytochemicals, MIC, Antibacterial, Antifungal, TLC.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Dokosi O.B. Herbs of Ghana. 1st Edition, Ghana Universities Press, Accra. 1998.p.1-746,

  • Huic C.W. A review of modern sample preparation technique for the extraction and analysis of medicinal plants. Analytical and Bio analytical Chemistry. 2002; 373: 23-30.

  • Manisha V, Neha S and Satish S. Antimicrobial activity of stem bark extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. International Journal Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 2009; 1(1): 12-14.

  • Cowan M.M. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 1999; 12: 564-582.

  • http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/carambola.html

  • Ajaiyeoba E.O, Onocha P.A and Olarenwaju O.T. In vitro anthelmintic properties of Buchholzia coriaceae and Gynandropsis gynandra extract. Pharm Biol. 2001; 39: 217.

  • Sheth A. K Ashok. The Herbs of Ayurveda. Sheth publisher. 2005; 1: 140.

  • Chung K.S, Paul P.H and Kimura T. International collection of traditional and folk medicine. Northeast Asia. 1998: 75.

  • Kirtikar K.R, Basu B.D. Indian Medicinal Plants. Second Edition. Published by Lalit Mohan Basu; 1984. 1.

  • Soxena H.O and Brahmam M. The Flora of Orissa. Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR) Bhubaneswar-751013, Orissa, India, and Orissa Forest Devlopment Corpoation Limited Ltd. Bhubaneswar-751001, Orissa, India. 1994-1996.

  • Ginovyan M, Keryan A, Bazukyan I, Ghazaryan P, Trchounian A. The large scale antibacterial, antifungal and anti-phage efficiency of Petamcin-A: new multicomponent preparation for skin diseases treatment. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2015; 14: 28. Available from: http://www.ann clinmicrob.com/ content/14/1/28.

  • Siva R. Status of Natural Dyes and Dye-Yielding Plants in India. Current Science. 2007. 92(7), 916-925,

  • Mehendale V.G, Chaudhari NC, Shenoy SN And Mehendale A. Henna as a Durable Preoperative Skin Marker. World journal of Surgery. 2011; 35(2): 311-315.

  • Harborne J.B. Phytochemical method. A guide to modern technique of plant analysis. 3rd edition, Champan ana Hall, UK. 1998. p. 1-5.

  • Kokate C.K. Practical pharmacognosy, 4th edition, Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi. 2005. p. 7-9.

  • Sadasivam, S., Manickum, A., Biochemical methods. New Age Inter Publication. 2005. 284-288.


Abstract Views: 189

PDF Views: 0




  • Antimicrobial activity of Averrhoa carambola L. leaf extract and its Phytochemical Analysis

Abstract Views: 189  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Basanti Majhi
Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, India
Kunja Bihari Satapathy
Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, India
Sagar Kumar Mishra
University Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, India

Abstract


Growing drug resistance of microorganisms and adverse result of antibiotic usage have led to the search for alternative medicines from nature. Many plants have been exploited to cure infectious diseases from time immemorial. The current investigation deals with the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, preliminary phytochemical screening and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis of Averrhoa carambola L. leaf extracts. The antimicrobial activity was done by agar well diffusion method. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done by standard method. Plant extracts were found active against all the bacteria. Aqueous extract of A. carambola leaves showed higher antibacterial activity as compared with methanol and petroleum ether extract at the concentration of 25 mg/ml. Highest antibacterial activity was exhibited by the aqueous extract against Salmonella typhi (29.23±0.02 mm). The highest antifungal potential was exhibited by the methanol extract against Candida krusei (21.09±0.08 mm). Plant extracts were observed to be active against all the fungal pathogens except Aspergillus niger. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using serial dilution method. The preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, phytosterol, proteins and amino acids, carbohydrates, glycosides etc. while saponins was absent in both the extract. The petroleum ether and methanolic extracts were subjected to TLC study and the Rf value of different spots was observed in various solvent systems. The outcomes of the present study indicate that A. carambola leaf is endowed with potential antimicrobial activity and hold promise for development of pharmaceuticals and antimicrobial agents in future.

Keywords


Averrhoa carambola L., Phytochemicals, MIC, Antibacterial, Antifungal, TLC.

References