Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extract of Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) against Cervical Cancer Cell Line (HELA)


Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Chemistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta-10430, Indonesia
2 Department of Anatomical Pathology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta-10430, Indonesia
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent cancer that occur among reproductive women in the world. The main modality of treatment is chemoradiotherapy and surgery. But, its wide-ranged success therapy and various side effects are still remaind the issues. To solve this problem, ethanol extract of kenikir leaves (EEKL) and kenikir leaves ethyl acetate extract of kenikir leaves (EAKL) have been thought to contain various substrate that could promote anticancer activities. This study comprised qualitative and quantitative test. Qualitative test consists thin layer chromatography and phytochemistry analysis while the quantitative test, MTT assay was used. MTT assay has done by using eight variety of concentrations of EEKL and EAKL on HeLa cells. Qualitative test showed that EAKL and EEKL has at least 5 compounds, which are flavonoid, tanin, steroid, alkaloid, dan glycoside. MTT assay revealed that EEKL and EAKL has strong cytotoxicity activity with IC50 17,46 ppm dan 6,31 ppm, respectively. In addition, each extract exhibited significant difference in some variants of concentration.

Keywords

Cytotoxicity, Cervical Cancer, Ethanol Extract, Ethyl Acetate Extract, HeLa, Kenikir Leaves.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • WHO. Cancer [Internet]. 2018 Jan 1[Cited on 2018 jun 30]. Available on: http://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets /detail/cancer

  • WHO. GLOBOCAN 2012: Cervical cancer estimated incidence, mortality, and prevalence worldwide in 2012 [Internet]. 2012 [Cited 2018 Jun 12]. Available on:http://globocan. iarc. fr/Pages/fact_sheets_cancer.aspx

  • Komite Penanggulangan Kanker Nasional. Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran : Kanker Serviks. Indonesia: Kementrian Kesehatan RI;2017.

  • Ellenson LH, Pirog EC. The Female Genital Tract. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, Editors. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease.9th Edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2015. p1002-5.

  • Moshawih S, Cheema MS, Ahmad Z, Zakaria ZA, Hakim MN. A Comprehensive Review on Cosmos caudatus (Ulam Raja): Pharmacology, Ethnopharmacology, and Phytochemistry. IRJES. 2017; 1(1): 14-28.

  • Eric WCC, Siu KW, Hung TC. Ulam Herbs of Oenanthe javanica and Cosmos caudatus: An overview on their medicinal properties. Journal of Natural Remedies. 2016;16(4): 137-47.

  • Shui, G.; Leong, L.P.; Shih, P.W. Rapid screening and characterisation of antioxidants of Cosmos Caudatus using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci. 2005, 827, 127–138.

  • Abas, F.; Shaari, K.; Lajis, N.H.; Israf, D.A.; Kalsom, Y.U. Antioxidative and radical scavenging properties of the constituents isolated from Cosmos caudatus kunth. Nat. Prod. Sci. 2003, 9, 245–248.

  • Russo M, Spagnuolo C, Tedesco I, Bilotto S, Russo GL. The flavonoid quercetin in disease prevention and therapy: Facts and fancies. Biochemical Pharmacology. 2012: 83; 6-15

  • Invansive Species Compendium [Internet].[Cited on 2018 Oktober 12]. Available from :https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/117946

  • Mosmann T. Rapid Colorimetric Assay for Cellular Growth and Survival: Application to Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays. Journal of Immunological Method.1983;65:65-59.

  • N. Liliwirianis, Musa NLW, Mohd Zain WZW, Kassim J, Karim SA. Preliminary Studies on Phytochemical Screening of Ulam and Fruit from Malaysia. E- Journal of Chemistry. 2011;8(S1):S285-8

  • Harborne, J. (1987). Metode Fitokimia. (K. Padmawinata and I. Soediro, Eds.). Bandung: ITB

  • Hidayat DA, Dwira S. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro cytotoxicity test of black soybean (Glycine soja L.) ethanolic extract as a growth inhibitor of the HCT-116 colon carcinoma cell line. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1073 032041. DOI :10.1088/1742 6596/1073/3/032041.

  • Rajalakshmi, D dan S. Narasimhan. (1985). Food Antioxidants: Sources and Methods of Evaluation dalam D.L. Madhavi: Food Antioxidant, Technological, Taxological and Health Perspectives. Marcel Dekker Inc., Hongkong: 76-77

  • Suriyaphan, O. (2014). Nutrition, Health Benefits and Applications of Pluchea indica (L.) Less Leaves. Mahidol University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 41(4), 1–10.

  • Abas, F., Shaari, K., Lajis, N.H., Israf, D.A., dan Kalsom, Y.U., Antioxidative and radical scavenging properties of the constituents isolated from Cosmos caudatus Kunth., Nat. Prod. Sciences, 9(4), 245-248.

  • Lotulung, P.D.N., Minarti dan Kardono, L.B.S., 2005, Penapisan Aktivitas Antibakteri, Antioksidan dan Toksisitas Terhadap Larva Udang Artemia salina Ekstrak Tumbuhan Asteraceae, Abstrak, Pusat Penelitian Kimia LIPI.

  • Birt DF, Hendrich S, Wang W. 2001. Dietary agents in cancer prevention: flavonoids and is of lavonoids. Pharmacol Ther. 90:157-177.doi:10.1016/s0163-7258 (01)00137-1.

  • Cuppett, S., M. Schrepf and C. Hall III. (1954). Natural Antioxidant–Are They Reality. Dalam Foreidoon Shahidi: Natural Antioxidants, Chemistry, Health Effect and Applications, AOCS Press, Champaign, Illinois: 12-24

  • Lee TK, Vairappan CS. 2011. Antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils and ethanol extracts of selected South East Asian herbs. J Med Plant Res. 5(21): 5824-5290.

  • Gibellini L., Marcello P., Milena NJ.P., Montagna, S.D.B., Erika R., Linda B., Edwin L.C. and Andrea C., 2011, Quercetin and Cancer Chemoprevention, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, No. 591356

  • Taraphdar, Amit, K., Madhumita, Roy, dan Bhattacharya, R.K., 2001, Natural products as inducers of apoptosis : Implication for cancer therapy and prevention, Current Science, 80(11), 1391

  • Pebriana, RB., Wardhani, BWK., Widayanti, E., Wijayanti, NLS., Wijayanti, TR., Riyanto, S., Meiyanto, E., Pengaruh Ekstrak Metanolik Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) Terhadap Pemacuan Apoptosis Sel Kanker Payudara, Pharmacon, 2008; 9(1): 21-6.


Abstract Views: 255

PDF Views: 0




  • Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extract of Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) against Cervical Cancer Cell Line (HELA)

Abstract Views: 255  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

S. Dwira
Department of Medical Chemistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta-10430, Indonesia
M. R. Fadhillah
Department of Medical Chemistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta-10430, Indonesia
F. Fadilah
Department of Medical Chemistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta-10430, Indonesia
N. N. Azizah
Department of Medical Chemistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta-10430, Indonesia
R. Putrianingsih
Department of Medical Chemistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta-10430, Indonesia
K. Kusmardi
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta-10430, Indonesia

Abstract


Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent cancer that occur among reproductive women in the world. The main modality of treatment is chemoradiotherapy and surgery. But, its wide-ranged success therapy and various side effects are still remaind the issues. To solve this problem, ethanol extract of kenikir leaves (EEKL) and kenikir leaves ethyl acetate extract of kenikir leaves (EAKL) have been thought to contain various substrate that could promote anticancer activities. This study comprised qualitative and quantitative test. Qualitative test consists thin layer chromatography and phytochemistry analysis while the quantitative test, MTT assay was used. MTT assay has done by using eight variety of concentrations of EEKL and EAKL on HeLa cells. Qualitative test showed that EAKL and EEKL has at least 5 compounds, which are flavonoid, tanin, steroid, alkaloid, dan glycoside. MTT assay revealed that EEKL and EAKL has strong cytotoxicity activity with IC50 17,46 ppm dan 6,31 ppm, respectively. In addition, each extract exhibited significant difference in some variants of concentration.

Keywords


Cytotoxicity, Cervical Cancer, Ethanol Extract, Ethyl Acetate Extract, HeLa, Kenikir Leaves.

References