Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Effect of Processing on The Biochemical Parameters of Arachis hypogeae


Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation (Deemed to be University) Paiyanoor, Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Biochemistry, Arizona state University, United States
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The uses of ethno medicinal plants for human healthcare still remain the most widely used medication system in developing and least developed countries. A large number of bioactive compounds exist in various species of plants. Novel anticancer agents are being sought from traditional medicines. From our previous study, the antioxidant effect of roasted Spanish variety of groundnut was found to be effective compared to runner variety of groundnut. Hence the present study focuses on in vitro and in vivo analysis of phytoconstituents, biomolecules, minerals, antioxidants and enzymes in roasted Spanish variety of groundnut and compared with raw Spanish variety of groundnut. This study reveals that roasting improvise the biochemical activities of groundnut.

Keywords

Biomolecules, Antioxidants, Enzymes, Ethano Medicinal Plants, Anti-Inflammatory.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Newman DJ, Cragg GM, Snader KM. Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Period 1981–2002. J Nat Prod., 2003; 66:1022–1037.

  • Cherry JP. Potential sources of peanut seed proteins and oil in thegenus Arachis. J. Agric.,1977; Food Chem. 25:186–193.

  • "Nuts–Heathly, Tasty & High in Protein". Weight loss for all. com.http://www. weight lossforall.com/protein-nuts.htm.

  • Sobolev VS, Deyrup ST, Gloer JB. New peanut (Arachis hypogaea) phytoalexin with prenylated benzenoid and but-2-enolidemoieties. J. Agric. Food. Chem., 2006; 54, 2111–2115.

  • Yoder BJ, Cao S, Norris A, Miller JS, Ratovoson F, Razafitsalama J, And riantsiferana R, Rasamison VE, Kingston DGI. Antiproliferative prenylated stilbenes and flavonoids from Macaranga alnifolia from the Madagascar rainforest. J. Nat. Prod., 2007; 70: 342–346.

  • Morita H, Noguchi H, Schroder J, Abe I. Novel polyketides synthesized with a higher plant stilbene synthase. Eur. J. Biochem., 2001; 268: 3759–3766.

  • Su BN, Cuendet M, Hawthorne ME, Kardano LBS, Riswan S, FongHHS, Mehta RG, Pezzuto JM, Kinghorn AD. Constituents of the barkand twigs of Artocarpus dadah with cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity. J. Nat. Prod., 2002; 65:163–169.

  • "Peanuts: World's Healthiest Foods". Whfoods.com. http://www.whfoods. com/ gen page.php? tname=f oodspice and dbid=101.

  • Venkatachalam, M. and Sathe, S. Chemical composition of selected edible nut seeds. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006; 54, 4705-4714.

  • Mesa-Garcia, M.D., Aguilera-Garcia, C.M. and Gul-Hernandez, A.. Importance of lipids in the nutritional treatment of in flammatory diseases. Nutr. Hosp., 2006;21, 28-41.

  • Talcott S.T., Passeretti S., Duncan C.E. and Gorbet D.W. Polyphenolic content and sensory properties of normal and high oleic acid peanuts. Food Chemistry., 2005;90: 379-388.

  • Yang, Y.; Cui, S.W.; Gong, J.; Guo, Q.; Wang, Q.; Hua, Y. A soy protein-polysaccharides Maillard reaction product enhanced the physical stability of oil-in-water emulsions containing citral. Food Hydrocoll., 2015; 48, 155–164.

  • Vuong QV, Sadeqzadeh E, Hirun S, Goldsmith CD, Zammitt N, Bowyer MC, et al. Phenolic compounds, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of the Australian maroon bush scaevola spinescens (Goodeniaceae). J Bioanal Biomed., 2014; 2(s12):1-7.

  • Bohm B. A and Stuessy T.F. Flavanoids of the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Springer, Wein and New York.

  • R0berts M. &James W. O. A method for the estimation of total alkaloids in Belladonna and Stramonium. Quartz. F. Pharm., 1947; 20, I.

  • Folin and Denis, J. Biol. Chem., 1912, Clin, 239.

  • Polshettiwar S A, Ganjiwale R O. Spectrophotometric estimation of Total Tannnins in some ayurvedic eyedrops. Ind J of Pharm Sci., 2007;69(4),574 – 6.

  • Fenwick D. E. and Oakenfull, D. Saponin contents of soyabeans and some commercial soyabean products. J. Sci. Food Agric., 1981; 32:273-278.

  • Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., and Randall, R.J. The original method. J. Biol.Chem., 1951; 193: 265.

  • Rodkey F.L. Direct spector Photometric determination of Albumin in Human serum, clinical chemistry., 1695; 11: 478-487.

  • Wahlefieid, A.W. Triglyceride: determination after enzymatic hydrolysis. In, Methods of enzymatic analysis, Vol II. Ed. Bergrneyer, H. Academic Press, New York., 1974; 1831.

  • Allan, C.C., Poon, L.S., Chart, C.S.G., Richmond, W. and Fu, P.C. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin. Chem., 1974; 20, 470-475.

  • Lopes-Virella, M.F., Stone, P., Ellis, S. and Colwell, JJ. Cholesterol determination in high-density lipoproteins separated by three different methods. Clin. Chem., 1977; 23, 882-884.

  • Gitelman, H. J, and Anal. (1967) Biochem Bagainriki, E.S. Clin. Chem.Act, 1973; 18;521

  • Gindler, E, clinc, chem. 1971;18, 662.

  • Nathanson I T and Kelley, R. M. (1952): Hormonal Treatment of Cancer, Ibid., 246, 135.

  • R. G. Schoenfeld and C. J. Lewellen, A colorimetric method for the determination of serum chloride, Clin. Chem., 1964; 10, 533–539.

  • Ashmore, J., Renold, A. E., Nesbett, F. B., and Hastings, A. B,. Glucose oxidase method, J. Biol. Chem., 1955; 216, 153

  • Desai, I. D.. Vitamin E methods for animal tissues. Methods Enzymol., 1984; 105: 138-143.

  • Omaye, S.T., Turbull, T.P and Sauberchich, H.C. Selected methods for determination of ascorbic acid in cells, tissues and fluids. Methods Enzymol, 1979; 6: 3-11

  • Varley H. Ramasays. Dipyridyl method for total iron binding capacity. In: Practical Clinical Biochemistry, 1967; 4th Edn: 475.

  • Bergmeyer H. U., Horder M., RNA J. Approved recommendation on IFCC methods for the measurement of catalytic enzymes. Part 3: IFCC method for Alanine aminotransferase. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem., 1986; 1b;24:481-495.

  • Bergmeyer H. U., Horder M., RNA J. Approved recommendation on IFCC methods for the measurement of catalytic enzymes. Part 2: IFCC method for Aspartate aminotransferase. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 1986; a; 24:497-510.

  • Nichans NG, Samualson D. Formation of malanodialdelyde from phospholipids arachidonate during microsomal lipidperoxidation. Eur.J .Biochem., 1968;6 :126-130.

  • Ellman GL. Tissue sulphydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys., 1959; 82: 70‐77.

  • S. Natelson, M. L. Scott, and C. Beffa. A rapid method for the estimation of urea in biological fluids. Am J Clin Pathol., 1951; 21:275-81.

  • F Caraway, W. T. Amer. J. clin. Path., 1955; 25,840.

  • Owen A, Iggo B, Scandrett FJ and Stewart CP. The determination of creatinine in plasma or serum and in urine: A critica1examination. Biochemical Journal., 1954; 58 426.

  • Beretta G, Rossoni G, Alfredo Santagati N, Maffei Facino R. Anti-ischemic activity and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effect of hydrolysable tannins from the leaves of Rhus coriaria (Sumac) in isolated rabbit heart and thoracic aorta. Planta Med., 2009; 75(14):14821488.

  • Rao AV, Sung MK.Saponins as anticarcinogens. J Nutrition., 1995; 717S–724S.

  • Ferrandiz ML, Alcaraz MJ. Anti-inflammatory activity and inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism by flavonoids. Agents Actions., 1991; 32:283–288.

  • Gil B, Sanz MJ, Terencio MC, Ferrandiz ML, Bustos G, Paya M, Gunasegaran R, Alcaraz MJ. Effects of flavonoids on Naja naja and human recombinant synovial phospholipases A2 and inflammatory responses in mice. Life Sci., 1994; 54(20):333–338.

  • Terao J, Piskula M, Yao Q. Protective effect of epicatechin gallate, and quercetin on lipid peroxidation in phospholipid bilayers. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 1994; 308 (1):278–284.

  • Boyd, M. R. Michellamine B., a novel plant alkaloid, inhibits human immunodeficiency virus-induced all killing by at least two distinct mechanisms. Antimicrobial Agents Chemotherapy., 1995; 39: 484-488.

  • Okwu DE. Phytochemical and Vitamin content of indigenous species of South Eastern Nigeria. J. Sustain Agric. Environ, 2004; 6, 30-34.

  • Lu, Y. and Foo, Y. L. Antioxidant activities of polyphenols from sage (Salvia officinalis). Food Chemistry., 2001; 75: 197-202.

  • Adegunwa MO, Adebowale AA, Solano EO. Effect of thermal processing on the biochemical composition, anti-nutritional factors and functional properties of beniseed (Sesamum indicum) flour. American Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology., 2012;2(3):175–182.

  • MC Daniel, K. A.; White, B. L.; Dean, L. L.; Sanders, T. H.; Davis, J. P. Compositional and mechanical properties of peanuts roasted to equivalent colors using different time/temperature combinations. Journal of Food Science, Chicago., 2012; 77(12) :1293- 1299.

  • Abudu, N; Miller, J. J. Attaelmannan, M.; Levinson, S. S. Vitamins in human arteriosclerosis with emphasis on vitamin C and vitamin E. Clin. Chim. Acta., 2004; 339:11-25.

  • Kris-Etherton P et al.High-monounsaturated fatty acid diet lower both plasma cholesterol and triacyl glycerol concentration. Am J Clin Nutr., 1999; 70: 1009–15.

  • Mason, M., Newell, J. A., Johnson, B. R., Koehler, P. E., & Waller, G. R. Nonvolatile flavor components of peanuts. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry., 1969; 17(4), 728-732.

  • Schmitt DA, Nesbit JB, Hurlburt BK, Cheng H, Maleki SJ. Processing can alter the properties of peanut extract preparations. J Agric Food Chem., 2010;. 58(2):1138-43.

  • Wang M, Zhou X, Chu Y. Effects of Peanut Shell Extract on Rats with Acute Renal Failure. Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE), 2011 International Conference., 2011; 8264-67.

  • Nath KA, Fischereder M, Hostetter TH. The Role of Oxidants in Progressive Renal Injury. Kidney International., 1994; 45 (Suppl 43): S111-15.


Abstract Views: 243

PDF Views: 0




  • Effect of Processing on The Biochemical Parameters of Arachis hypogeae

Abstract Views: 243  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

B. Prabasheela
Department of Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation (Deemed to be University) Paiyanoor, Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India
V. Nandhini
Department of Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation (Deemed to be University) Paiyanoor, Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India
V. Sakithya
Department of Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation (Deemed to be University) Paiyanoor, Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India
Sreecharita Nidamanun
Biochemistry, Arizona state University, United States

Abstract


The uses of ethno medicinal plants for human healthcare still remain the most widely used medication system in developing and least developed countries. A large number of bioactive compounds exist in various species of plants. Novel anticancer agents are being sought from traditional medicines. From our previous study, the antioxidant effect of roasted Spanish variety of groundnut was found to be effective compared to runner variety of groundnut. Hence the present study focuses on in vitro and in vivo analysis of phytoconstituents, biomolecules, minerals, antioxidants and enzymes in roasted Spanish variety of groundnut and compared with raw Spanish variety of groundnut. This study reveals that roasting improvise the biochemical activities of groundnut.

Keywords


Biomolecules, Antioxidants, Enzymes, Ethano Medicinal Plants, Anti-Inflammatory.

References