Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Drug Prescription Pattern in Paediatric Respiratory Tract Infections


Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
2 Department of Paediatric, K S Hegde charitable Hospital, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
3 Department of Pharmacology, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Objective: To develop baseline data on drug prescribing pattern and evaluate the rationality of prevalent prescribing practices using WHO core indicators. Methodology: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of 6 months in the paediatric population having respiratory tract infections. Results: A total of 211 prescriptions were analysed in the study, in which, 124(58.8%) patients were male and 87(41.2%) were female. Paediatric population of the age group 1-3 years were more prone to respiratory tract infections and common disease diagnosed was unspecified lower respiratory tract infection. A total of 885 drugs were prescribed and most commonly prescribed drug was found to be paracetamol-143(67.8%), followed by salbutamol-128 (60.66%), amoxicillin+ clauvalanic acid-93 (44.1%) and budesonide-77 (36.5%). 261(29.49%) oral, 224(25.31%) inhalations, 231(26.1%) injectables were prescribed. 158 fixed dose combination were prescribed. Drugs per prescription was found to be 4.1. 14.01% drugs were prescribed with generic names and 77.4% were prescribed from WHO model list of essential drugs. Percentage of antibiotic prescribed was 93% and injection was 84.36%. The consultation time taken by physician raged between 8-12 minutes and time taken by pharmacist to dispense drugs was 6-14 minutes. Conclusion: The present study was conducted to analyse the rational prescribing of drugs in the paediatric department of a tertiary care hospital using WHO core indicators. Males were more prone to respiratory tract infections and amoxicillin+ clavulanic acid was the most prescribed antibiotic and paracetamol was the most commonly prescribed drug. The study highlights few limitations focusing on the facility indicators due to lack of EDL, hospital formulary or standard guidelines and therefore consideration for better patient care and increased quality of life needs to be monitored. Review on prescribing and dispensing of drugs needs to be done regularly.

Keywords

WHO Core Indicators, Prescription Pattern, Respiratory Tract Infection, Antibiotic, Generic Drugs.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Gedam D S, Patel U, Verma M, Gedam S, Chourishi A. Drug prescription pattern in paediatric outpatient department. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2012; 17(2): 42-45.

  • Goel K, Khanna S, Verma A, Shankar P, Chopra V S, Dixit R K. Drug prescribing pattern in the outpatient department of paediatrics. IJPSR.2013; 4(4): 78-80.

  • Parthasarathy A, Menon P S, Agarwal RK, Editors. IAP Textbook of Paediatrics: 4ed. New Delhi: Jaypee; 2009.212-218.

  • Arnold HM, Deal EN, Gelone S, Micek SP et.al. Applied Therapeutics the Clinical Use of Drugs, 10ed. United States of America: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013; 1514-1515.

  • Al-Balushi K A, Sawafi F, Ghafri F, ZakwaniL. Drug utilization pattern in an Omani paediatric population. JBCP. 2013; 4(3):68-72.

  • Iyer G S, Patel P P, Panchal J R, Dikshit R K. An analysis of pharmacological management of respiratory tract infection in paediatric. IJMPH. 2013; 3(3): 140-145.

  • Parthasarathy A, Kundu R, Choudhury J, Editors. Textbook of Paediatric Infectious Diseases: New Delhi: Jaypee; 2013.114-116.

  • Ghosh A, Das A K, Gure P K, Pati S. An observational study of drugs in URTI in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2015; 8(4):37-40.

  • Nandimath M K, Ahuja A S. Drug prescribing pattern in upper respiratory tract infection in children aged 1-14 years. IJPBS.2012; 3(1):299-308.

  • Sharma S, Agrawal G. A study on drug prescribing pattern in URTI among children aged 1-12 years. IJBCP.2016; 5(2):406-410.

  • Beg M A, Dutta S B, Bawa S, Kaur A, Vishal S, Kumar U. Prescribing trends in respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017; 5(6): 2588-2591.

  • Joseph F ,Oladela O, Oludare O, Olatune O .Drug prescribing pattern for under 5 in a paediatric clinic in south western ,Nigeria. Ethiop J Health Science. 2015; 25 (1):73-77.

  • Alkahtani S A. Drug utilisation pattern of upper respiratory tract infection in paediatric at Najran University Hospital. Biomedical Research.2017; 28(20):8981-8986.

  • Vishwanath M, Reddy N, Devdas S. Assessment of drug utilization in hospitalized children at tertiary care Teaching Hospital. JOCPR.2014; 6(2):592-598.

  • Mohsin N, Shahzad N, Akhtar M S, Zahak A, Almalki A, Alzailay M H et al. Drug utilization pattern for upper respiratory tract infections in paediatrics at a university teaching hospital. BEPLS.2016; 6(1):22-27.

  • Jhansi M, Vijaya K S, Manigandan L S, Priyarajam V. Patterns of prescription and drug use in paediatric department of lower respiratory tract infection. RJPBCS. 2015; 6(2): 1207-1215.

  • Gairola B, Devarsi C, Daisy P, Anupama D. Drug prescription pattern in RTI in children aged 1-12 years. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2016; 6(10): 537-545.


Abstract Views: 165

PDF Views: 0




  • Drug Prescription Pattern in Paediatric Respiratory Tract Infections

Abstract Views: 165  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Anaghya V. Naik
Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
Hebsiba Joseph
Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
Nidhina Mathew
Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
Sumanth Shetty
Department of Paediatric, K S Hegde charitable Hospital, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
K. S. Rajesh
Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
K. C. Bharath Raj
Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
Juno J. Joel
Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
M. P. Gururaj
Department of Pharmacology, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India
U. P. Nandakumar
Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India

Abstract


Objective: To develop baseline data on drug prescribing pattern and evaluate the rationality of prevalent prescribing practices using WHO core indicators. Methodology: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of 6 months in the paediatric population having respiratory tract infections. Results: A total of 211 prescriptions were analysed in the study, in which, 124(58.8%) patients were male and 87(41.2%) were female. Paediatric population of the age group 1-3 years were more prone to respiratory tract infections and common disease diagnosed was unspecified lower respiratory tract infection. A total of 885 drugs were prescribed and most commonly prescribed drug was found to be paracetamol-143(67.8%), followed by salbutamol-128 (60.66%), amoxicillin+ clauvalanic acid-93 (44.1%) and budesonide-77 (36.5%). 261(29.49%) oral, 224(25.31%) inhalations, 231(26.1%) injectables were prescribed. 158 fixed dose combination were prescribed. Drugs per prescription was found to be 4.1. 14.01% drugs were prescribed with generic names and 77.4% were prescribed from WHO model list of essential drugs. Percentage of antibiotic prescribed was 93% and injection was 84.36%. The consultation time taken by physician raged between 8-12 minutes and time taken by pharmacist to dispense drugs was 6-14 minutes. Conclusion: The present study was conducted to analyse the rational prescribing of drugs in the paediatric department of a tertiary care hospital using WHO core indicators. Males were more prone to respiratory tract infections and amoxicillin+ clavulanic acid was the most prescribed antibiotic and paracetamol was the most commonly prescribed drug. The study highlights few limitations focusing on the facility indicators due to lack of EDL, hospital formulary or standard guidelines and therefore consideration for better patient care and increased quality of life needs to be monitored. Review on prescribing and dispensing of drugs needs to be done regularly.

Keywords


WHO Core Indicators, Prescription Pattern, Respiratory Tract Infection, Antibiotic, Generic Drugs.

References