Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Vanilla- Natural Vs Artificial:A Review


Affiliations
1 School of Hotel and Catering Management, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Natural and artificial flavours are identical. Natural flavours made by extracting chemicals from natural ingredients, artificial flavours are made by creating the same chemical compositions synthetically. The most popular flavouring compound - Vanilla, can find its application in food and beverage industry, perfume and pharmaceutical industries. This review features natural vanilla flavouring from the vanilla bean. The extraction process, chemical constituents and health benefits are emphasised. Culinary uses of vanilla flavouring are analysed. Production of artificial/synthetic vanillin and its health impact is also highlighted. Food and Drug Administration rules have been discussed. From this context consumer awareness and understanding are significant towards the difference between artificial and natural vanilla flavouring and their associated benefits, which help them to make the right decisions for their well being.

Keywords

Flavour, Natural Vanilla, Artificial Vanillin, Culinary Uses, Health Benefits and Impact, Food and Drug Administration.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Hoffman AC, Salgado RV, Dresler C, et al. Flavour preferences in youth versus adults: a review. BMJ; 2016;0: 1–8. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053192.
  • Sercarz LL. How vanilla became the world's favorite flavor. Saveur, Internet [Updated: February 09, 2018; Accessed: February 12, 2018] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanilla_extract#cite_ref-1.
  • Sinha AK, Sharma UK, Sharma N. A comprehensive review on vanilla flavor: extraction, isolation and quantification of vanillin and others constituents. Int J Food Sci Nutr; 2008;59(4): 299-326.
  • Bomgardner M.M. The problem with vanilla. After vowing to go natural, food brands face a shortage of the favoured flavor. ACS Publications, 2016; 94(36): 38-42. https://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i36/problem-vanilla.html.
  • Kumar RBK, and TN Balamohan. Factors affecting the quality of Vanilla – A Review. RRJAAS, 2013; 2(3): 37-41.
  • Sharp MD. B.S, Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Published: July 08, 2009: Accessed: January 17, 2018.
  • Anandan A. Vanilla: The Green Gold. Sura Books. 2004. ISBN: 8174785450.
  • Balamurugan S. A study of cost and returns of vanilla cultivation in India. Published: January 2009
  • Sachan D. Vanilla and its Potential in India. Exim Bank: Research Brief No. 17 September 2005.
  • Dr. Mercola. Dr. Mercola’s Natural Health Newsletter. Published: December 7 2017.
  • Charles DJ. Vanilla. Published: August 19, 2012; Accessed: March 12, 2018.
  • Anuradha K, Bellur, N Shyamala and M Naidu. Vanilla- Its Science of Cultivation, Curing, Chemistry, and Nutraceutical Properties. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition; 2012; 53 (12): 1250-1276. 1276, DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.563879.
  • Leigh K. Madagascar Vs. Tahitian Vanilla Beans. Published: September 28, 2017.
  • Frenkel DH, JC French, NM Graft, DM Joel, FE Pak, C Frenkel. Interrelation of Curing and Botany in Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) Bean. Can. Int. Dev. Agency (CIDA). 2004: 93- 102.
  • Gokare R. Vanilla flavour: Production by conventional and biotechnological routes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture; 2000; 80(3):289 – 304.
  • Takahashi M, Y Inai, N Myazawa, Y Kurobayashi and A Fujita. Key Odorants in Cured Madagascar Vanilla Beans (Vanilla planiforia) of Differing Bean Quality. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry; 2013; 77(3): 606-611, DOI: 10.1271/ bbb.120842.
  • T Li and JPN Rosazza. Biocatalytic Synthesis of Vanillin. Applied and Environmental Microbiology; 2000; 66(2): 684-687.
  • Kumar R, P. K. Sharma, PS Mishra. A Review on the Vanillin derivatives showing various Biological activities. International Journal of PharmTech Research; 2012; 4(1): 266-279.
  • Food and Drug Regulations: (C.R.C., c. 870), Flavouring Preparations. Branch, Legislative Services. "Consolidated federal laws of canada, Food and Drug Regulations". laws-lois.justice.gc.ca. Accessed: January 09. 2018.
  • Cadena R.S, A. G. Cruz, J. A. F. Faria, and H. M. A. Bolini. Reduced Fat and Sugar Vanilla ice creams: Sensory profiling and external preference mapping. Journal of dairy Science; 2012; 95(9): 4842-4850. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-5526.
  • Jamal Uddin A.F.M, A. Nusrat, S. Parvin, M.Z.K. Roni and U. Mayda. Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Vanilla Planifolia Grown in Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University. Bangladesh Research Publications Journal; 2015;11(1): 34-39.
  • Shyamala B.N, M. Madhava Naidu, G. Sulochanamma, and P. Srinivas. Studies on the Antioxidant Activities of Natural Vanilla Extract and Its Constituent Compounds through in Vitro Models. J. Agric. Food Chem; 2007;55 (19): 7738–7743. DOI: 10.1021/jf071349.
  • Ndjonka D, Rapado LN, Silber AM, Liebau E, Wrenger C. Natural Products as a Source for Treating Neglected Parasitic Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences; 2013;14(2):3395-3439. doi:10.3390/ijms14023395.
  • Shanmugavalli N, V. Umashankar and Raheem. Anitmicrobial activity of Vanilla planifolia. Indian Journal of Science and Technology; 2009;2(3): 37-40.
  • Makni M, Chtourou Y, Fetoui H, Garoui el M, Boudawara T, Zeghal N. Evaluation of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties of vanillin in carbon tetrachloride-treated rats. Eur J Pharmacol; 2011; 668(1-2):133-9.. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.07.001.
  • Niazi J, Kaur N, Sachdeva RK, Bansal Y, Gupta V. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of vanillin. Drug Dev Ther; 2014;5: 145-7.
  • Pokorná I, L. Smutka. Is there any future for cash crops in developing countries? The case of vanilla. Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics; 2011; III (1): 23-31. Available: http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/102491/2/agris_on-line_2011_1_pokorna_smutka.pdf. Accessed: April 21, 2018.
  • Gallage NJ, BLMøller. Vanillin–Bioconversion and Bioengineering of the Most Popular Plant Flavor and Its De Novo Biosynthesis in the Vanilla Orchid. Cell Press; 2015; 8(5): 40-57.
  • Howard R.L, Abotsi E, Jansen van Rensburg E.L. and Howard S. Lignocellulose biotechnology: issues of bioconversion and enzyme production. African Journal of Biotechnology; 2003;2(12): 602-619.
  • C. Rose Kennedy. The Flavor Rundown: Natural vs. Artificial Flavors. SITN. Updated: September 21, 2015; Accessed: February 10, 2018. Available: http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2015/the-flavor-rundown-natural-vs-artificial-flavors/
  • Dr. B Maes. Is Vanillin Bad For You? Internet [2018 March 05] Avilable: https://www.isitbadforyou.com/questions/is-vanillin-bad-for-you.
  • Wolf N. Advantages and Disadvantages of Imitation Vanilla Flavoring. Livestrong.com, Published: October 3 2017; [ January 10, 2018]. Available: https://www.livestrong.com/article/436468-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-imitation-vanilla-flavoring/
  • Sky Z. Ethyl vanillin – toxicity, side effects, diseases and environmental impacts. Chemical News. Updated: December 05, 2017.Internat [ January 03, 2018] Available: http://www.chemicals.news/2017-12-05-ethyl-vanillin-toxicity-side-effects-diseases-and-environmental-impacts.html.
  • Andrew. Natural and Artificial Flavors. Internet [Updated: October 28, 2010. Accessed: February 21, 2018] Available: https://eatingrules.com/natural-flavors-artificial-flavors/
  • UNEP Publications, Vanillin, OECD SIDS.
  • Pacificgourmet. Vanilla Wavers. Internet [Updated on: December 8, 2016] Available from: http:// www. Pacgourmet. com/vanilla-wavers/.
  • Sujalmi S, Suharso, R. Supriyantoa and Buchari B. Determination of Vanillin in Vanilla (Vanilla Planifolia Andrews) from Lampung Indonesia by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Indo. J. Chem; 2005; 5 (1): 7 – 10.
  • Jain P.K and Himanshu Josh. Coumarin: Chemical and Pharmacological Profile. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science; 02 (06); 2012: 236-240.
  • Lavine BK, DT Corona, UNDT Perera. Analysis of vanilla extract by reversed phase liquid chromatography using water rich mobile phases. Micro Chemical journal; 2012; 103:49-61.
  • Veni K, Meyyanathan S N, AR Aduri, SS Alkeshbhai, Elango K. Analysis of Vanillin in Food products by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography. J Adv Sci Res; 2013, 4(1): 48-51.

Abstract Views: 287

PDF Views: 1




  • Vanilla- Natural Vs Artificial:A Review

Abstract Views: 287  |  PDF Views: 1

Authors

S. Vijayalakshmi
School of Hotel and Catering Management, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India
X. Disalva
School of Hotel and Catering Management, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India
Chittaranjan Srivastava
School of Hotel and Catering Management, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India
A. Arun
School of Hotel and Catering Management, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India

Abstract


Natural and artificial flavours are identical. Natural flavours made by extracting chemicals from natural ingredients, artificial flavours are made by creating the same chemical compositions synthetically. The most popular flavouring compound - Vanilla, can find its application in food and beverage industry, perfume and pharmaceutical industries. This review features natural vanilla flavouring from the vanilla bean. The extraction process, chemical constituents and health benefits are emphasised. Culinary uses of vanilla flavouring are analysed. Production of artificial/synthetic vanillin and its health impact is also highlighted. Food and Drug Administration rules have been discussed. From this context consumer awareness and understanding are significant towards the difference between artificial and natural vanilla flavouring and their associated benefits, which help them to make the right decisions for their well being.

Keywords


Flavour, Natural Vanilla, Artificial Vanillin, Culinary Uses, Health Benefits and Impact, Food and Drug Administration.

References