Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

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Effect of Acorus calamus Linn on Histomorphometric Changes in the CA1 and CA3 Regions of Hippocampus in Wistar Albino Rats


Affiliations
1 Department of Physiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, 600127, India
2 Department of Physiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital Chennai, 600127, India
3 Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical sciences, Chennai, 602 105, India
4 Department of Oral Pathology, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600127, India
5 Department of Microbiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, 600127, India
     

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Exposure to various stress and release of free radicals are the ischolar_main cause for development and progression of various diseases in humans. The plant “Acorus calamus Linn” rich in polyphenols have the capacity to neutralize free radicals and stimulate intrinsic antioxidant machinery is considered to be helpful for human health. Aim of the study is to determine the effect of alcoholic extract of Acorus calamus Linn (ACL) and active principle alpha- asarone on histomorphometric changes in different hippocampal regions in restraint induced stressed rats and compare it with that of the standard drug Tinospora cordifolia. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups six in each, Group I: Control received Dimethyl Sulphoxide (1mL/kg/day) for 21 days. Group II: Animal received Dimethyl Sulphoxide ((1mL/kg/p.o/day) and subjected to restraint stress, 6hr daily for 21 days. Group III: (EE-ACL) Animals received Ethanolic extract of ACL (100mg/kg/p.o/day) half an hour before subjecting to restraint stress, 6hr daily for 21 days. Group IV:(A-Asarone) Received alpha-asarone (9mg/kg/p.o/day) active principle of ACL half an hour before subjecting to restraint stress, 6hr daily for 21 days. Group V: TC Animals received Tinospora cordifolia (40m g/kg/p.o/day) half an hour before subjecting to restraint stress, 6hr daily for 21 days. On 21st day animals the rats were sacrificed and brain tissue was harvested for sectioning, staining and histomorphometric analysis. The histomorphometric results revealed that supplementation with the drug EE-ACL, A-Asarone and TC have decreased the damaging effect of stress, thereby improving the changes in the hippocampus morphology. ACL could be an adjuvant therapy as it plays a role in neuronal stress adaptation mechanism to cope up with stress.

Keywords

Tinospora cordifolia, Alpha-asarone, Restraint stress, Hippocampus, Morphometry.
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  • Effect of Acorus calamus Linn on Histomorphometric Changes in the CA1 and CA3 Regions of Hippocampus in Wistar Albino Rats

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Authors

S. Subamalani
Department of Physiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, 600127, India
A. Sasikumar
Department of Physiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital Chennai, 600127, India
R. Vijayaragavan
Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical sciences, Chennai, 602 105, India
S. Senthilkumar
Department of Oral Pathology, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600127, India
S. Madhan Kumar
Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical sciences, Chennai, 602 105, India
L. S. Makesh Raj
Department of Physiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, 600127, India
I. Kannan
Department of Microbiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, 600127, India

Abstract


Exposure to various stress and release of free radicals are the ischolar_main cause for development and progression of various diseases in humans. The plant “Acorus calamus Linn” rich in polyphenols have the capacity to neutralize free radicals and stimulate intrinsic antioxidant machinery is considered to be helpful for human health. Aim of the study is to determine the effect of alcoholic extract of Acorus calamus Linn (ACL) and active principle alpha- asarone on histomorphometric changes in different hippocampal regions in restraint induced stressed rats and compare it with that of the standard drug Tinospora cordifolia. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups six in each, Group I: Control received Dimethyl Sulphoxide (1mL/kg/day) for 21 days. Group II: Animal received Dimethyl Sulphoxide ((1mL/kg/p.o/day) and subjected to restraint stress, 6hr daily for 21 days. Group III: (EE-ACL) Animals received Ethanolic extract of ACL (100mg/kg/p.o/day) half an hour before subjecting to restraint stress, 6hr daily for 21 days. Group IV:(A-Asarone) Received alpha-asarone (9mg/kg/p.o/day) active principle of ACL half an hour before subjecting to restraint stress, 6hr daily for 21 days. Group V: TC Animals received Tinospora cordifolia (40m g/kg/p.o/day) half an hour before subjecting to restraint stress, 6hr daily for 21 days. On 21st day animals the rats were sacrificed and brain tissue was harvested for sectioning, staining and histomorphometric analysis. The histomorphometric results revealed that supplementation with the drug EE-ACL, A-Asarone and TC have decreased the damaging effect of stress, thereby improving the changes in the hippocampus morphology. ACL could be an adjuvant therapy as it plays a role in neuronal stress adaptation mechanism to cope up with stress.

Keywords


Tinospora cordifolia, Alpha-asarone, Restraint stress, Hippocampus, Morphometry.

References