Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Chemical Composition and Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Juniperus Phoenicea L. Cupressaceae


Affiliations
1 Department of Science, Atlantic Cape Community College, Mays Landing, NJ 08330,, United States
2 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman,, Jordan
3 Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272,, United Arab Emirates
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Being multipurpose, relatively safe, and widely favorable for consumption, interest in the essential oils of medicinal plants has been increasing. Essential oil (EO) of Juniperus phoenicea is traditionally used for treatment of several health problems such as diabetes, rheumatism, and cancer that is the second leading cause of death in Jordan. This study aims to collect and chemically analyze EO from Juniperus phoenicea L., from Jordan and to evaluate its cytotoxic and antioxidant activity against human breast cancer cells (T47D), colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (CACO2), and normal human fibroblasts (MRC5). EO was extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed in a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue, neutral red, and MTT assays, and antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH scavenging activity assay. Chemical composition analysis revealed 23 constituents in the EO, and the amount of α- pinene was the highest (69.71%). The results also revealed that the IC50 values of the viability assays were higher among normal cells compared to the human cancer cell lines, and the viability inhibition was significant at higher concentrations compared to untreated cells. Nevertheless, low antioxidant activity was observed for the oil in the DPPH scavenging activity test. To sum up, this study indicates that Jordanian Juniperus phoenicea EO, albeit unlikely to be an effective antioxidant, is optimistically potential to be utilized in breast and colon cancers treatment due to its preferential cytotoxicity against cancer cells

Keywords

Juniperus phoenicea, Essential oil, Cell viability, Antioxidant activity.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Al-Eisawi D, Flora of Jordan Checklist Revised. The University of Jordan Press. Amman, 2013: 149-187.

  • Oran SA, The status of medicinal plants in Jordan. Journal Agriculture, Science and Technology, 2014; A4(6A): 461-467.

  • Oran S and Al-Eisawi D, Check-list of medicinal plants in Jordan. Dirasat, 1998; 25(2): 84-112.

  • Oran SA and Al-Eisawi D, Ethnobotanical survey of the medicinal plants in the central mountains (North-South) in Jordan. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmnetal Sciences, 2015; 6(3): 381-400.

  • Oran SA, Selected wild plant species with exotic flowers from Jordan. International Journal of Biodiversity Conservation, 2015; 7(5): 308-320.

  • Bajes HR, Almasri I, and Bustanji Y, Plant Products and Their Inhibitory Activity Against Pancreatic Lipase. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2020; 30(3): 321-330.

  • Zeidan R, Oran S, Khleifat K, and Matar S, Antimicrobial activity of leaf and fruit extracts of Jordanian Rubus sanguineus Friv.(Rosaceae). African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2013; 7(44): 5114-5118.

  • Shehadeh MB, Sosa S, Suaifan GA, Darwish RM, Giangaspero A, Vassallo A, Lepore L, Oran SA, Hammad H, and Tubaro A, Topical anti-inflammatory potential of six Salvia species grown in Jordan. Jordan Journal of Pharmacutical Sciences, 2014; 108(3372): 1-9.

  • Sawamura M, Aroma and functional properties of Japanese yuzu (Citrus junos Tanaka) essential oil. Aroma Research, 2000; 1(1): 14-19.

  • Burali Sanganna, A.R. Kulkarni. Antioxidant and Anti-colon cancer activity of fruit peel of Citrus reticulate essential oil on HT-29 cell line. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2013; 6(2):Page 216-219.

  • Chac L., Thinh B., Yen n. Anti-cancer activity of dry extract of Anoectochilus setaceus Blume against BT474 breast cancer cell line and A549 lung cancer cell line. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(2):730-734. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2021.00127.X

  • Rathi MA., Meenakshi P., Guru KD., Arul RC., Sunitha M., Gopalakrishnan VK. Leaves of Spermacoce hispida as a Novel Cancer Therapeutic – An In Vitro Study. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2011; 4(8), Page 1288-1291.

  • Yousef I, Oran S, Bustanji Y, Al-Eisawi D, and Irmaileh BE, Cytotoxic effect of selected wild medicinal plant species from Jordan on two different breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and T47D. Biology and Medicine, 2018; 10(4): 1000443.

  • Abuharfeil N, Maraqa A, and Von Kleist S, Augmentation of natural killer cell activity in vitro against tumor cells by wild plants from Jordan. J Ethnopharmacol, 2000; 71(1-2): 55-63.

  • Hatmal M, Abderrahman S, and Alsholi D, Determining the anti-tumor effects of differnt extracting methods of Arum palaestinum on different cancer cell lines by in vitro assay. Pharmacologyonline, 2017; 1: 28-45.

  • Rashan L, Hakkim FL, Fiebig HH, Kelter G, Merfort I, Al-Buloshi M, and Hasson SS, In vitro anti-proliferative activity of the Rubia tinctorum and alkanna tinctoria root extracts in panel of human tumor cell lines. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2018; 11(5): 489-494.

  • Shabsoug B, Khalil R, and Abuharfeil N, Enhancement of natural killer cell activity in vitro against human tumor cells by some plants from Jordan Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2008; 5(3): 279-285.

  • King Hussein Cancer Foundation. Local Statistics. 2020 [cited 2020 13 October]; Available from: http://www.campaigns.khcf.jo/en/section/local-statistics.

  • Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Conforti F, Saab AM, Statti GA, and Menichini F, Comparative chemical composition, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activities of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus L. berry and wood oils from Lebanon. Food Chemistry, 2007; 105(2): 572-578.

  • Ennajar M, Bouajila J, Lebrihi A, Mathieu F, Abderraba M, Raies A, and Romdhane M, Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils and various extracts of Juniperus phoenicea L.(Cupressacees). J Food Sci, 2009; 74(7): M364-M371.

  • Abu-Darwish M, Gonçalves M, Cabral C, Cavaleiro C, and Salgueiro L, Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil from Juniperus phoenicea subsp. Phoenicea berries from Jordan. Acta alimentaria, 2013; 42(4): 504-511.

  • Vidaković M, Conifers: morphology and variation. Grafičko Zavod Hrvatske. Zagreb, 1991.

  • Ali MJB, Guesmi F, Harrath AH, Alwasel S, Hedfi A, Ncib S, Landoulsi A, Aldahmash B, and Ben-Attia M, Investigation of antiulcer and antioxidant activity of Juniperus phoenicea L.(1753) essential oil in an experimental rat model. Biological and Pharmaciutical Bulletin, 2015; 38(11): 1738-1746.

  • Hayouni EA, Abedrabba M, Bouix M, and Hamdi M, The effects of solvents and extraction method on the phenolic contents and biological activities in vitro of Tunisian Quercus coccifera L. and Juniperus phoenicea L. fruit extracts. Food Chemistry, 2007; 105(3): 1126-1134.

  • Keskes H, Mnafgui K, Hamden K, Damak M, El Feki A, and Allouche N, In vitro anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and antioxidant proprieties of Juniperus phoenicea L. leaves from Tunisia. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Midicine, 2014; 4(2): S649-S655.

  • Laouar A, Klibet F, Bourogaa E, Benamara A, Boumendjel A, Chefrour A, and Messarah M, Potential antioxidant properties and hepatoprotective effects of Juniperus phoenicea berries against CCl4 induced hepatic damage in rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2017; 10(3): 263-269.

  • Medini H, Elaissi A, Larbi Khouja M, Piras A, Porcedda S, Falconieri D, Marongiu B, and Chemli R, Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Juniperus phoenicea L. berries. Natural Products Research, 2011; 25(18): 1695-1706.

  • Menaceur F, Benchabane A, Hazzit M, and Baaliouamer A, Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Algerian Juniperus phoenicea L. extracts. Journal of biologically active products from nature, 2013; 3(1): 87-96.

  • Nasri N, Tlili N, Elfalleh W, Cherif E, Ferchichi A, Khaldi A, and Triki S, Chemical compounds from Phoenician juniper berries (Juniperus phoenicea). Nat Prod Res, 2011; 25(18): 1733-1742.

  • Öztürk M, Tümen İ, Uǧur A, Aydoǧmuş‐Öztürk F, and Topçu G, Evaluation of fruit extracts of six Turkish Juniperus species for their antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activities. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2011; 91(5): 867-876.

  • El-Sawi SA, Motawae HM, and Ali AM, Chemical composition, cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of leaves and berries of Juniperus phoenicea L. grown in Egypt. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 2007; 4(4): 417-426.

  • Dhundhwal DK, Senthilkumar KL, Joshua Samuel L, Senthilkumar K. Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Leaves of Plumeria Rubra (Linn.). Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2009; 1(2): 126-127.

  • Al Groshi A, Evans AR, Ismail FM, Nahar L, and Sarker SD, Cytotoxicity of Libyan Juniperus phoenicea against human cancer cell lines A549, EJ138, HepG2 and MCF7. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018; 24(1): 3-7.

  • Cairnes DA, Ekundayo O, and Kingston DG, Plant anticancer agents. X. Lignans from Juniperus phoenicea. Journal of Natural Products, 1980; 43(4): 495-497.

  • Latif A, Amer HM, Hamad ME, Alarifi SAR, and Almajhdi FN, Medicinal plants from Saudi Arabia and Indonesia: In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation on Vero and Hep-2 cells. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2014; 8(34): 1065-1073.

  • Aljaiyash A, Gonaid MH, Islam M, and Chaouch A, Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of some Libyan medicinal plants. Journal Of Natural Product and Plant Resources, 2014; 4(2): 43-51.

  • Asghari J, Touli CK, and Mazaheritehrani M, Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oils from Echinophora platyloba DC. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2012; 6(28): 4475-4480.

  • Shaheen H, Assessment of antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the extracts of two wild plants from Jordan; Sedum nicaeense all. (Crassulaceae) and Arbutus andrachne l. (Ericaceae) in vitro, in Department of Biological Sciences, 2019, The University of Jordan.

  • Adams RP, Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Allured Publishing Corporation. Carol Stream, 2007: viii + 804 pp.

  • Bustanji Y, AlDouri N, Issa A, Mashallah S, Assaf A, Aburjai T, and Mohammad M, Cytotoxic effect of Mercurialis annua L. methanolic extract on six human solid cancer cell lines. Scientific Research and Essays, 2012; 7(37): 3218-3222.

  • Jayashree V and Thenmozhi N, In-vitro anti-proliferative assay and cell viability activity of baicalein using breast cancer cell line. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2018; 9(4): 1620-1624.

  • Akshay R. Yadav, Shrinivas K. Mohite. Anticancer Activity of Psidium guajava Leaf Extracts on Breast Cancer Cell Line. Resarch Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology. 2020; 12(4):298-300. doi: 10.5958/0975-4377.2020.00049.X

  • Fotakis G and Timbrell JA, In vitro cytotoxicity assays: comparison of LDH, neutral red, MTT and protein assay in hepatoma cell lines following exposure to cadmium chloride. Toxicology Letters, 2006; 160(2): 171-177.

  • Machana S, Weerapreeyakul N, Barusrux S, Nonpunya A, Sripanidkulchai B, and Thitimetharoch T, Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of six herbal plants against the human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Chinese Medicine, 2011; 6(1): 39.

  • NasimunIslam N., Jemimah S., Shaik SS., Kumar V., Mohanasrinivasan V., Subathra D., Panneerselvam A. Cytotoxic Property of Cocos nucifera shell Extracts on HeLa Cells. Research Journal Pharmacy and Technology. 2014; 7(5), Page 521-525.

  • Chauhan R., D’Souza H., Shabnam RS, Abraham J. Phytochemical and Cytotoxicity Analysis of Seeds and Leaves of Adenanthera pavonina. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2015; 8(2), Page 198-203. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00036.0

  • Kaileh M, Berghe WV, Boone E, Essawi T, and Haegeman G, Screening of indigenous Palestinian medicinal plants for potential anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2007; 113(3): 510-516.

  • Teixeira B, Marques A, Ramos C, Batista I, Serrano C, Matos O, Neng NR, Nogueira JM, Saraiva JA, and Nunes ML, European pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) from Portugal: Chemical composition of essential oil and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of extracts and essential oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 2012; 36(1): 81-87.

  • Momin MA., Rashid M., Urmi KF., Rana S. Phytochemical Screening and Investigation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Potential of different extracts of selected Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2013; 6(9), Page 1042-1050.

  • Valli G, Jeyalakshmi M. Preliminary Phytochemical and Antioxidant Study of Odina woodier Leaf Extract. Asian Journal of Pharmaciutical Research. 2012; 2(4), Page 153-155.

  • Cheraif K, Bakchiche B, Gherib A, Bardaweel SK, Çol Ayvaz M, Flamini G, Ascrizzi R, and Ghareeb MA, Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, anti-cholinesterase and cytotoxic activities of essential oils of six Algerian plants. Molecules, 2020; 25(7): 1710.

  • Wen SH, Su SC, Liou BH, Lin CH, and Lee KR, Sulbactam-enhanced cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell International, 2018; 18: 128.

  • Li H, Krstin S, Wang S, and Wink M, Capsaicin and piperine can overcome multidrug resistance in cancer cells to doxorubicin. Molecules, 2018; 23(3): 557.

  • Silva VR, Corrêa RS, Santos LdS, Soares MBP, Batista AA, and Bezerra DP, A ruthenium-based 5-fluorouracil complex with enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction action in HCT116 cells. Sci Rep, 2018; 8(1): 288.

  • Gad SC, Alternatives to in vivo studies in toxicology, in general and applied toxicology, B. Ballantyne, T. Marrs, and T. Syversen, Editors. 1999, Grove’s dictionari’s Inc.: USA. p. 178.

  • Jäger W, Metabolism of terpenoids in animal models and humans, in Handbook of essential oils science, technology, and applications, K. Baser and G. Buchbauer, Editors, 2010, Taylor & Francis Group USA. p. 209-234.

  • Elshafie HS, Caputo L, De Martino L, Gruľová D, Zheljazkov VZ, De Feo V, and Camele I, Biological investigations of essential oils extracted from three Juniperus species and evaluation of their antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2020; 129(5): 1261-1271.

  • Hanaa Labiad, Ahmed Aljaiyash, Mohamed Ghanmi, Badr Satrani, Aziz Et-tahir, Mahjoub Aouane, Mohamed Fadli, Abdelaziz Chaouch. Exploring the provenance effect on Chemical composition and Pharmacological bioactivity of the Moroccan essential oils of Laurus nobilis. Research Journal of Pharmacy. and Technology, 2020; 13(9):4067-4076. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00719.2


Abstract Views: 90

PDF Views: 0




  • Chemical Composition and Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Juniperus Phoenicea L. Cupressaceae

Abstract Views: 90  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Hana R. Bajes
Department of Science, Atlantic Cape Community College, Mays Landing, NJ 08330,, United States
Sawsan A. Oran
Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman,, Jordan
Yasser K. Bustanji
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272,, United Arab Emirates

Abstract


Being multipurpose, relatively safe, and widely favorable for consumption, interest in the essential oils of medicinal plants has been increasing. Essential oil (EO) of Juniperus phoenicea is traditionally used for treatment of several health problems such as diabetes, rheumatism, and cancer that is the second leading cause of death in Jordan. This study aims to collect and chemically analyze EO from Juniperus phoenicea L., from Jordan and to evaluate its cytotoxic and antioxidant activity against human breast cancer cells (T47D), colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (CACO2), and normal human fibroblasts (MRC5). EO was extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed in a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue, neutral red, and MTT assays, and antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH scavenging activity assay. Chemical composition analysis revealed 23 constituents in the EO, and the amount of α- pinene was the highest (69.71%). The results also revealed that the IC50 values of the viability assays were higher among normal cells compared to the human cancer cell lines, and the viability inhibition was significant at higher concentrations compared to untreated cells. Nevertheless, low antioxidant activity was observed for the oil in the DPPH scavenging activity test. To sum up, this study indicates that Jordanian Juniperus phoenicea EO, albeit unlikely to be an effective antioxidant, is optimistically potential to be utilized in breast and colon cancers treatment due to its preferential cytotoxicity against cancer cells

Keywords


Juniperus phoenicea, Essential oil, Cell viability, Antioxidant activity.

References