Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Identification of Bioactive Ingredients in Chenopodium Murale L Chenopodiaceae by HPLC and GC/MS


Affiliations
1 Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
2 Biochemistry Departement, Faculty of Agricultural, Cairo university, Dokki, Giza,, Egypt
3 Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St.,Dokki, Giza,, Egypt
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


This study aims to evaluate the successive extraction of the active ingredients and their antioxidant activity, anti-arthritic as well as anticancer activity of aerial parts (stem, leaves, and flowers) of Chenopodium murale L. Therefore, C. murale plants were extracted using four solvents with a wide range of polarities: n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanolic and aqueous extracts. Chemical analysis proved it to be a potential source of protein, fat, carbohydrates, the results showed the percentages were: moisture content (92.45%), ash content (18.19%), crude protein (30.42%), crude lipid (2.86%), and carbohydrate (48.3%) respectively of the C.murale. Methanol extracts showed the highest content of total phenolic (TP), total flavonoid (TF), and total tannin (TT). The active ingredients were assessed as well employing gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds confirmed that the methanol extract of C.murale detected high amounts of coumarin, 3, 4, 5 methoxy-cinnamic, and pyrogallol respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of C.murale herb displayed a rise cytotoxic effects on MCF7 (89.30 %), aqueous HCT116 (81%), methanol (60.70%) as well as n-hexane (39.80) respectively at 37°C for 48 h of exposure and concentration 100 μg/ml. In anti-arthritic activity at a dose-dependent, the Ethyl acetate successive fraction proved to be the most significant where it produced a percentage of inhibition ranging from 51.73 to 95.77 % followed by methanol fraction 47.70 to 90.02 % at (P ≤ 0.05), compared to Diclofenac as standard 91.22 to 96.44 %. Thus, our findings highlight the potential of this plant for its possible clinical use to oppose malignancy development against especially breast and colon cell lines with anti-arthritic effects as a bioagent in pharmaceutical industries.

Keywords

Chenopodium murale; HPLC; GC/MS; antioxidant; anti-proliferative, anti-arthritic activities.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Morteza-Semnani K. A Review on Chenopodium botrys L.: traditional uses, chemical composition and biological activities. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research. 2015; 1(2): 1-9.

  • Smith BD. Eastern North America as an independent center of plant domestication. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2006; 15; 103(33): 12223-12228. doi.org/10.1073/ pnas.0604335103

  • Paliwal R, Madungurum MA, Dahiru N. Phytochemical Analysis, Physiochemical Activity and Antibacterial Effects Of Cinnamon Zeylanicum (Dalchini) Extracts. International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Research Technology.2018; 2(1): 162-171.

  • Riaz B, Zahoor MK, Zahoor MA, Majeed HN, Javed I, Ahmad A, Jabeen F, Zulhussnain M, Sultana K. Toxicity, phytochemical composition, and enzyme inhibitory activities of some indigenous weed plant extracts in fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2018; 1(2018): 1-11. doi.org/10.1155/2018/2325659

  • Ahmad B, Jan Q. Phytochemical evaluation of Chenopodium murale Linn. Bashir Ahmad, Qasim Jan, Shumaila Bashir, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary and Muhammad Nisar. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 2003; 2(15-16): 1072-1078. Doi.org/ 10.3923/ajps.2003.1072.1078

  • Davis PH. Linum L. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. 1967; 2: 425-4 50.

  • Kokanova-Nedialkova Z, Nedialkov P, Nikolov S. The genus Chenopodium: phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology and pharmacology. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2009; 3(6): 280-306.

  • Dembitsky V, Shkrob I, Hanus LO. Ascaridole and related peroxides from the genus Chenopodium. Biomedical Papers of the Medical Faculty of Palacky University in Olomouc. 2008; 152(2): 209-215. doi.org/ 10.5507/bp.2008.032.

  • Singh, H. P., et al. "Chemical composition of essential oil from leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides from Chandigarh, India." Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 2008; 44(3): 378-379. doi.org/ 10.1007/s10600-008-9070-7.

  • Van Rompuy LL, Zeevaart JA. Are steroidal estrogens natural plant constituents? Phytochemistry. 1979;18 (5):863-865.

  • Mizui F, Kasai R, Ohtani K, Tanaka O. Saponins from brans of quinoa, Chenopodium quinoa Willd. I. Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin. 1988; 36(4): 1415-1418. doi.org/ 10.1248/cpb.36.1415

  • Hifnawy MS, Ammar HH, Kenawy SA, Zaki ME, Yossef AK, Awaad AS. Phytochemical and biological studies on alkaloidal content of some allergy producing plants growing in Egypt. Bull. Fac. Pharm. -Cairo Univ. 1999; 37 (2): 107-117.

  • Cutillo F, D'Abrosca B, DellaGreca M, Di Marino C, Golino A, Previtera L, Zarrelli A. Cinnamic acid amides from Chenopodium album: effects on seeds germination and plant growth. Phytochemistry. 2003; 64 (8): 1381-1387.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00511-9

  • Gohar AA, Maatooq GT, Niwa M. Two flavonoid glycosides from Chenopodium murale. Phytochemistry. 2000 ;53 (2): 299-303.doi. org/ 10.1016/s0031-9422(99)00525-7.

  • Ahmed OH, Hamad MN, Jaafar NS. Phytochemical investigation of Chenopodium murale (Family: Chenopodiaceae) cultivated in Iraq, isolation and identification of scopoletin and gallic acid. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2017;10 (11):70-77. doi. org/doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr. 2017.v10i11.20504

  • Yadav N, Vasudeva N, Singh S, Sharma SK. Medicinal. Properties of genus Chenopodium Linn. Indian Journal ofNatural Products and Resources. 2007 ; 6 (2007) :131-134.

  • Ibrahim LF, Kawashty SA, Baiuomy AR, Shabana MM, El- Eraky WI, El-Negoumy SI. A Comparative study of the flavonoids and some biological activities of two Chenopodium species. Chemistry of natural Compounds. 2007;43 (1):24-28.

  • Abdel-Aziz MS, Shaheen MS, El-Nekeety AA, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Chenopodium murale leaf extract. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society. 2014; 18 (4):356-63.doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2013.09.011

  • Chludil HD, Corbino GB, Leicach SR. Soil quality effects on Chenopodium album flavonoid content and antioxidant potential. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2008; 56 (13):5050-5056.doi.org/10.1021/jf800421j

  • Gaafar A A, Taha R A, Abou-Baker N H, Shaaban E A, Salama Z A. Evaluation of regeneration, active ingredients and antioxidant activities in jojoba tissue cultures as affected by carbon nanotubes. Bioscience Research. 2018; 15 (3): 2383-2392.

  • Nowak R, Szewczyk K, Gawlik-Dziki U, Rzymowska J, Komsta Ł. Antioxidative and cytotoxic potential of some Chenopodium L. species growing in Poland. Saudi journal of biological sciences.2016; 23 (1):15-23. doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.01.017

  • Yada D, Sivakkumar T, Srinivas N. Phytochemical evaluation and in-vitro antioxidant potential of whole plant of Hyptis suaveolens. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021;14 (1):409-412. doi.org/ 10.5958/0974-360X.2021.00074.3

  • Garcı́a R, Lemus I, Rivera P, Erazo S. Biological and chemical study of paico (Chenopodium chilense, Chenopodiaceae). Journal of ethnopharmacology. 1997; 57(2): 85-88. doi.org/ 10.1016/ s0378-8741(97)00049-4

  • Santos FA, Rao VS. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of 1, 8‐cineole a terpenoid oxide present in many plant essential oils. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives. 2000; 14(4): 240-244. doi.org/ 10.1002/1099-1573(200006)14:4 2

  • Gohara A A and Elmazar MMA. Isolation of hypotensive flavonoids from Chenopodium species growing in Egypt. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Medical and Scientific Research on Plants and Plant Products. 1997; 11(8): 564-567.

  • A.O.A.C. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists.17th Ed. AOAC, Gathersburg, MD., USA, 2005;18p.

  • Simorangkir M, Nainggolan B, Silaban S. In Book of Program of the 2nd International Conference on Innovation in Education. Science and Culture (ICIESC), Medan City Indonesia. (2018): 6.DOI: doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/970/1/011001

  • Singleton VL, Rossi JA. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American journal of Enology and Viticulture. 1965;16 (3):144-158.

  • Tempel AS. Tannin-measuring techniques. Journal of chemical ecology. 1982; 8 (10): 1289-1298.

  • Schanderi SH. Methods in food analysis. Academic Press, New York, USA: 1970.

  • Zhishen J, Mengcheng T, Jianming W. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food chemistry. 1999;64 (4):555-959.

  • Mattila P, Astola J, Kumpulainen J. Determination of flavonoids in plant material by HPLC with diode-array and electro-array detections. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2000; 48 (12): 5834- 5841. doi.org/10.1021/jf000661fA

  • Adams, RP. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Allured Publ. Corp. Carol Stream IL. (1995).

  • Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Carol Stream, IL: Allured publishing corporation. (2007).

  • Blois MS. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature. 1958; 181(4617):1199-1200. doi.org/ 10.1038/1811199a0

  • Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free radical biology and medicine. 1999; 26 (9-10):1231-1237.

  • Oyaizu M. Studies on products of browning reaction antioxidative activities of products of browning reaction prepared from glucosamine. The Japanese journal of nutrition and dietetics.1986; 44 (6):307-315. doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.44.307

  • Dinis TC, Madeira VM, Almeida LM. Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate, and 5-aminosalicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics. 1994; 315 (1): 161-169.doi.org/:10.1006/abbi.1994.1485

  • Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of immunological methods. 1983;65 (1-2):55-63. doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4

  • Ap W. Cytotoxicity and Viability Assays in Animal Cell Culture: A practical Approach. ed Masters JRW) Oxford university Press. 2000; (1) :175-219.

  • Williams LA, O'Connar A, Latore L, Dennis O, Ringer S, Whittaker JA, Conrad J, Vogler B, Rosner H, Kraus W. The in vitro anti-denaturation effects induced by natural products and non-steroidal compounds in heat treated (immunogenic) bovine serum albumin is proposed as a screening assay for the detection of anti-inflammatory compounds, without the use of animals, in the early stages of the drug discovery process. West Indian Medical Journal. 2008; 57 (4): 327–331. doi.org/:10.1215/9780822388630-010

  • Snedecor GW and Cochran, W G. Statistical Methods. 9th Edn., Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA., USA. 1989.

  • Guerrero JL, Torija Isasa ME. Nutritional composition of leaves of Chenopodium species (C. album L., C. murale L. and C. opulifolium Shraeder). International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 1997;48 (5):321-327. doi.org/:10.3109/09637489709028578

  • Kaur N, Kaur G. Effect of processing on nutritional and antinutritional composition of bathua (Chenopodium album) leaves. Journal of Applied and Natural Science. 2018;10 (4):1149-1155.

  • Anhwange BA, Ugye TJ, Nyiaatagher TD. Chemical composition of Musa sapientum (banana) peels. Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2009;8 (6):437-42.

  • Aborisade AB, Adetutu A, Owoade AO. Phytochemical and proximate analysis of some medicinal leaves. Clinical Medicine Research. 2017; 6 (6): 209-214.doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20170606.16

  • Pandey S, Gupta RK. Screening of nutritional, phytochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Chenopodium album (Bathua). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2014 ;3 (3):1-9.

  • Adedapo A, Jimoh F, Afolayan A. Comparison of the nutritive value and biological activities of the acetone, methanol and water extracts of the leaves of Bidens pilosa and Chenopodium album. Acta Pol Pharm. 2011;68 (1):83-92.

  • Sharma S, Chaudhary R, Rolta R, Sharma N, Sourirajan A, Dev K, Kumar V. Effect of solvent on yield, phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant potential of Rhododendron arboreum. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14 (1): 311-316.doi.org/ 10.5958/0974-360X.2021.00057.3

  • Gaafar A, Asker M, Salama Z, Bagato O, Ali M. In-vitro, antiviral, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential activity of tomato pomace. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research. 2015;32 (2):262-372.

  • Gaafar AA, Ibrahim EA, Asker MS, Moustafa AF, Salama ZA. Characterization of polyphenols, polysaccharides by HPLC and their antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activities of defatted Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) meal extract. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2016 ;8 (6):565-573.

  • Repo-Carrasco-Valencia R, Hellström JK, Pihlava JM, Mattila PH. Flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in Andean indigenous grains: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule) and kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus). Food Chemistry. 2010;120 (1): 128-33.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.087

  • Singh P, Shivhare Y, Patil UK. Assessment of hypolipidemic potential of Chenopodium album linn on triton induced hyperlipidemic rats. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2010; 3 (1):187-192.

  • Dai Y, Ye WC, Wang ZT, Matsuda H, Kubo M, But PP. Antipruritic and antinociceptive effects of Chenopodium album L. in mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2002; 81 (2): 245-50. doi.org/ 10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00096-x

  • Jabbar A, Zaman MA, Iqbal Z, Yaseen M, Shamim A. Anthelmintic activity of Chenopodium album (L.) and Caesalpinia crista (L.) against trichostrongylid nematodes of sheep. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2007;114 (1): 86-91.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.07.027

  • Gupta J. Preliminary Phytochemical Investigation, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Jasminum pubescence Leaves Extracts. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020;13 (12):6073-6076. doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2020.01058.6

  • Ibrahim EA, Gaafar AA, Salama ZA, El Baz FK. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of Solenostemma argel extract. International Journal of Research in Pharmacology and Phytochemistry. 2015;7 (4):635- 641.

  • Cook NC, Samman S. Flavonoids—chemistry, metabolism, cardioprotective effects, and dietary sources. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry. 1996;7 (2):66-76.doi.org/10.1016/S0955-2863(95)00168-9

  • Middleton Jr E, Kandaswami C. Effects of flavonoids on immune and inflammatory cell functions. Biochemical pharmacology. 1992;43 (6):1167-79. doi.org/ 10.1016/0006-2952(92)90489-6 60. Thouri A, Chahdoura H, El Arem A, Hichri AO, Hassin RB, Achour L. Effect of solvents extraction on phytochemical components and biological activities of Tunisian date seeds (var. Korkobbi and Arechti). BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2017; 17 (1):1-10. doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1751-y

  • Pillwan SN, Thool ND, Chopkar SH, Mathankar SP, Pise SA, Pise AG. To study extraction, phytochemical screening and formulation from Stevia rebaudiana bertoni. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2020;13 (12):5757-5762.doi.org/ 10.5958/0974-360x2020.01003.3

  • Adhav R and Deokule S. Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Leaves Extracts Of Chenopodium Album L. And Atriplex Hortensis L. International Journal of Current Research. 2017; 9 (6) :52430-52434.

  • Vaya J, Belinky PA, Aviram M. Antioxidant constituents from licorice roots: isolation, structure elucidation and antioxidative capacity toward LDL oxidation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 1997; 23 (2):302-13. doi.org/ 10.1016/s0891-5849(97)00089-0

  • Asquith TN, Butler LG. Interactions of condensed tannins with selected proteins. Phytochemistry. 1986;25 (7):1591-1593. doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81214-5

  • Ahmad S, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Ayaz M, Imran M, Ali I, Zeb A, Ullah F, Shah MR. Chemical composition, antioxidant and anticholinesterase potentials of essential oil of Rumex hastatus D. Don collected from the North West of Pakistan. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2016 ;16 (1): 1-11.doi.org/ 10.1186/s12906-016-0998-z

  • Naczk M, Shahidi F. Phenolics in cereals, fruits and vegetables: Occurrence, extraction and analysis. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2006; 41 (5):1523- 1542. doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.04.002

  • Dadáková E, Vrchotová N, Tříska J, Děkanová Z. Content of phenolic substances in the selected species of the Chenopodiaceae family. Journal of Agrobiology. 2013;30 (2): 127-35.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.078.

  • Saleem M, Ahmed B, Qadir MI, Mahrukh M, Ahmad M, Ahmad B. Hepatoprotective effect of Chenopodium murale in mice. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology. 2014;9 (1):124-128. DOI: doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v9i1.17785

  • Jesus RS, Piana M, Freitas RB, Brum TF, Alves CF, Belke BV, Mossmann NJ, Cruz RC, Santos RC, Dalmolin TV, Bianchini BV. In vitro antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activity and HPLC–DAD screening of phenolics from Chenopodium ambrosioides L. brazilian journal of microbiology. 2018;49 (2): 296-302.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.02.012

  • Hossain SJ, Sultana MS, Iftekharuzzaman M, Hossain SA, Taleb MA. Antioxidant potential of common leafy vegetables in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Botany. 2015;44 (1):51-57. doi.org/10.3329/bjb. v44i1.22723

  • Khan N, Ahmed M, Khan RA, Gul S. Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity activities and phytochemical analysis of Chenopodium murale (Linn.). International Journal of Botany Studies. 2019; 4 (4): 25-28.

  • Agoramoorthy G, Chandrasekaran M, Venkatesalu V, Hsu MJ. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of fatty acid methyl esters of the blind-your-eye mangrove from India. Brazilian journal of Microbiology. 2007; 38 (4): 739-742.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822007000400028.

  • Reyes-Becerril M, Angulo C, Sanchez V, Vázquez-Martínez J, López MG. Antioxidant, intestinal immune status and anti-inflammatory potential of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. in fish: In vitro and in vivo studies. Fish and shellfish immunology. 2019; 1(86) :420-428. doi.org/ 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.059

  • Hameed M F and Al-Shaw AAA. Phytochemical Analysis and Anticancer Evaluation of Iraqi Herb Chenopodium murale Extracted by Microwave-assisted Extraction. International Medical Journal. 2020; 25 (1):313-320.

  • Kumar P, Kumar S, Kumar S, Kumar R. In vitro study of plant extract from Chenopodium album that inhibits a key enzyme in diabetes and its role in diabetic oxidative stress. Der Pharmacia Sinica. 2015;6 (12):48-61.

  • Thakur M, Sharma K, Mehta S, Rai S, Sharma I, Tripathi A. Phytochemicals, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Berberis aristata roots. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13 (12): 5763-5767.doi.org/:10.5958/0974-360X.2020.01004.5

  • Jancy VJ, Kalaichelvan V, Balakrishnan N. Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Oxidant Activity of various Extracts of Plant Cassia auriculata. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020;13 (12): 6150-6155.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2020.01073.2

  • Kelly GS. Squalene and its potential clinical uses. Alternative medicine review: a journal of clinical therapeutic. 1999;4 (1):29-36.

  • Külcü DB, Gökışık CD, Aydın S. An investigation of antibacterial and antioxidant activity of nettle (Urtica dioica L.), mint (Mentha piperita), thyme (Thyme serpyllum) and Chenopodium album L. plants from Yaylacık Plateau, Giresun, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology. 2019; 7 (1): 73-80.doi.org/ 10.24925/turjaf.v7i1.73-80.2123

  • Andov LA, Karapandzova M, Jovanova B, Stefkov G, Karanfilova IC, Panovska TK, Kulevanova S. Antioxidative potential of Chenopodium botrys L.(Amaranthaceae). Macedonian pharmaceutical bulletin. 2015; 61 (2): 3–10. doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2015.61.02.001.

  • Oktay M, Gülçin İ, Küfrevioğlu Öİ. Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed extracts. LWT-Food Science and Technology. 2003;36 (2):263-271.doi.org/10.1016/S0023-6438(02)00226-8

  • Bansal V, Tyagi S, Ghosh K, Gupta A. Extraction of protein from Mushroom and determining its Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13 (12):6017-6021. doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2020.01049.5

  • Ferreira IC, Baptista P, Vilas-Boas M, Barros L. Free-radical scavenging capacity and reducing power of wild edible mushrooms from northeast Portugal: Individual cap and stipe activity. Food chemistry. (2007); 100 (4): 1511-1516.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.11.043

  • Gaafar AA, Salama ZA, Askar MS, El-Hariri DM and Bakry BA. In Vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Lignan flaxseed extract (Linum usitatissimum, L.) Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 2013; 23 (2): 291-297.

  • Shivanand P. Arthritis an autoimmune disorder: Demonstration of in-vivo anti-arthritic activity pandey. Int J Pharm Life Sci. 2010; 1:38-43.

  • Amodeo V, Marrelli M, Pontieri V, Cassano R, Trombino S, Conforti F, Statti G. Chenopodium album L. and Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.: Phytochemical Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential. Plants. 2019; 8 (11):505. doi.org/10.3390/plants8110505

  • Ibironke GF, Ajiboye KI. Chenopodium Ambrosioides Leaf Extract in Rats. International Journal of Pharmacology. 2007;3 (1):111-115. doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2007.111.115

  • Phutdhawong W, Donchai A, Korth J, Pyne SG, Picha P, Ngamkham J, Buddhasukh D. The components and anticancer activity of the volatile oil from Streblus asper. Flavour and fragrance journal. 2004;19 (5): 445-447. doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1342

  • Komiya T, Kyohkon M, Ohwaki S, Eto J, Katsuzaki H, Imai K, Kataoka T, Yoshioka K, Ishii Y, Hibasami H. Phytol induces programmed cell death in human lymphoid leukemia Molt 4B cells. International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 1999;4 (4): 377- 457.doi.org/ 10.3892/ijmm.4.4.377

  • Mohasib RM, Nagib A, Samad AA, Salama ZA, Gaafar AA, Taie HA, Hussein SR. Identification of Bioactive Ingredients In Sonchus Oleraceus By Hplc And GC/MS. Plant Archives. 2020; 20 (2): 9714-9720.

  • Gaafar AA, Mahmoud KM, Salama ZA. Antioxidant potential activity and cytotoxicity effects of different parts of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 2015;6 (3):19-32.


Abstract Views: 154

PDF Views: 0




  • Identification of Bioactive Ingredients in Chenopodium Murale L Chenopodiaceae by HPLC and GC/MS

Abstract Views: 154  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Rasha M.M. Mohasib
Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Zeinab A. Salama
Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Alaa A.Gaafar
Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Hanan A.A.Taie
Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
A. Nagib
Biochemistry Departement, Faculty of Agricultural, Cairo university, Dokki, Giza,, Egypt
A. Abdel Samad
Biochemistry Departement, Faculty of Agricultural, Cairo university, Dokki, Giza,, Egypt
Sameh R. Hussein
Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St.,Dokki, Giza,, Egypt

Abstract


This study aims to evaluate the successive extraction of the active ingredients and their antioxidant activity, anti-arthritic as well as anticancer activity of aerial parts (stem, leaves, and flowers) of Chenopodium murale L. Therefore, C. murale plants were extracted using four solvents with a wide range of polarities: n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanolic and aqueous extracts. Chemical analysis proved it to be a potential source of protein, fat, carbohydrates, the results showed the percentages were: moisture content (92.45%), ash content (18.19%), crude protein (30.42%), crude lipid (2.86%), and carbohydrate (48.3%) respectively of the C.murale. Methanol extracts showed the highest content of total phenolic (TP), total flavonoid (TF), and total tannin (TT). The active ingredients were assessed as well employing gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds confirmed that the methanol extract of C.murale detected high amounts of coumarin, 3, 4, 5 methoxy-cinnamic, and pyrogallol respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of C.murale herb displayed a rise cytotoxic effects on MCF7 (89.30 %), aqueous HCT116 (81%), methanol (60.70%) as well as n-hexane (39.80) respectively at 37°C for 48 h of exposure and concentration 100 μg/ml. In anti-arthritic activity at a dose-dependent, the Ethyl acetate successive fraction proved to be the most significant where it produced a percentage of inhibition ranging from 51.73 to 95.77 % followed by methanol fraction 47.70 to 90.02 % at (P ≤ 0.05), compared to Diclofenac as standard 91.22 to 96.44 %. Thus, our findings highlight the potential of this plant for its possible clinical use to oppose malignancy development against especially breast and colon cell lines with anti-arthritic effects as a bioagent in pharmaceutical industries.

Keywords


Chenopodium murale; HPLC; GC/MS; antioxidant; anti-proliferative, anti-arthritic activities.

References