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Ricin in Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.) Seeds: A Review on Its Anticancer Activity and the Role of Cytotoxicity Enhancers


Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java,, Indonesia
2 Physiology Molecular Laboratory, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java,, Indonesia
     

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Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are toxins that are capable to permanently inhibit the synthesis of protein. RIP type II is a heterodimeric protein consisting of an A subunit linked to a lectin-like B chain by a disulfide bridge. Ricin contained in the seeds of Ricinus communis L. is a type II RIP which possesses cytotoxicity activity. However, due to the non-selectivity of the B-lectin chain, ricin needs delivering-vehicles to enhance its cytotoxicity. This article is devoted to reviewing the anticancer activity of ricin in castor bean seeds (a plant type II RIPs) and its various types of cytotoxicity enhancers.

Keywords

apoptosis, autophagy, lectin, Ribosome-inactivating protein.
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  • Ricin in Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.) Seeds: A Review on Its Anticancer Activity and the Role of Cytotoxicity Enhancers

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Authors

Irma Erika Herawati
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java,, Indonesia
Jutti Levita
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java,, Indonesia
Ronny Lesmana
Physiology Molecular Laboratory, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java,, Indonesia
Anas Subarnas
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java,, Indonesia

Abstract


Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are toxins that are capable to permanently inhibit the synthesis of protein. RIP type II is a heterodimeric protein consisting of an A subunit linked to a lectin-like B chain by a disulfide bridge. Ricin contained in the seeds of Ricinus communis L. is a type II RIP which possesses cytotoxicity activity. However, due to the non-selectivity of the B-lectin chain, ricin needs delivering-vehicles to enhance its cytotoxicity. This article is devoted to reviewing the anticancer activity of ricin in castor bean seeds (a plant type II RIPs) and its various types of cytotoxicity enhancers.

Keywords


apoptosis, autophagy, lectin, Ribosome-inactivating protein.

References