Current Science

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Several hundred million people are living in areas where they can be infected with leishmaniasis, a disease caused by over 20 species of pathogenic intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of a female phlebotomine sandfly. Leishmania parasites infect phagocytes, dendritic cells and fibroblasts. The essential vertebrate host target cell is the macrophage, where the intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania reproduce, eventually rupture the cell and spread to other uninfected macrophages.
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