International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Systems

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Using Importance-performance Analysis of Resident Perceptions to Inform a Tourism Development Framework.


Affiliations
1 Recreation Management Program, Appalachian State University, HLES Dept., Box 32071, Boone, NC., United States
2 Recreation and Sport Management Program, Coastal Carolina University, P.O. Box 261954, Conway, SC.
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Gateway communities commonly border, serve as entry points to protected lands. Due to their high quality of life, gateway communities have become a magnet for a growing number of people be they permanent or seasonal residents. But it is generally because of their unique natural attributes that they face issues of tourism development and growth. As a result, gateway communities offer important lessons for other rural areas grappling with rapid growth and change. A variation of Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was used in this study whereby residents evaluated environmental, socio-cultural and socio-economic area attributes. IPA was chosen to serve as an additional input for communities interested in employing a tourism planning framework such as Visitor Experience and Resource Protection (VERP). The findings suggest environmental attributes make the area special with them considered both important and of real concern currently and in the future. With the exception of a few items no other examined attributes were perceived the same as the environmental items. The modified IPA used in this study is a tool that can help inform a VERP framework intended to address tourism development as well as provide a visual means for those interested in better understanding resident perceptions.

Keywords

Importance-performance Analysis, Gateway Communities, Tourism Planning, Visitor Experience And Resource Protection (VERP)
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Adventure Sports Magazine (2005, May). Boone is named one of four North American adventure destinations. Boone Convention and Visitors Bureau. Retrieved April 8th, 2008 from http://visitboonenc.com/article.htm?article=95.

  • Ahn, B.Y., Lee, B.K., & Shafer, C.S. (2002). Operationalizing sustainability in regional tourism planning: An application of the limits of acceptable change framework. Tourism Management, 23(1), 1-15.

  • Akis, S., Peristianis, N., & Warner, J. (1996). Residents’ attitudes to tourism development: The case of Cyprus. Tourism Management, 17(7), 481-494.

  • Allen, L., Hafer, H., Long, P., & Perdue, R. (1993). Rural residents’ attitudes toward recreation and tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 31(4), 27-33.

  • Allen, L.R., Long, P.T., Perdue, R.R., & Kieselbach, S. (1988). The impact of tourism development on resident’s perception of community life. Journal of Travel Research, 27(1), 16-21.

  • Andereck, K.L., Valentine, K.M., Knopf, R.C., & Vogt, C.A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056-1076.

  • Andereck, K.L., & Vogt, C.A. (2000). The relationship between residents’ attitudes toward tourism and tourism development options. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 27-36.

  • Andriotis, K. (2005). Community groups’ perceptions of and preferences for tourism development: Evidence from Crete. Journal of Travel Research, 42(2), 172-185.

  • Andriotis, K., & Vaughn, D.R. (2003). Urban residents’ attitudes towards tourism development: The case of Crete. Journal of Travel Research, 42(2), 172-185.

  • Ap, J. (1992). Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 19, 665-690.

  • Ap, J., & Crompton, J. (1993). Resident’s strategies for responding to tourism impacts. Journal of Travel Research, 32(1), 47-50.

  • Banks, S., & Brothers, G. (2003). Tourism related impacts as perceived by three resident typology groups in San Pedro, Belize. Unpublished Dissertation. North Carolina State University, Raleigh.

  • Brunt, P., & Courtney, P. (1999). Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(3), 493-515.

  • Bruyere, B., Rodriquez, D., & Vaske, J. (2002). Enhancing importance-performance analysis through segmentation. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 12(1), 81-95.

  • Buhalis, D., & Spada, A. (2000). Destination management systems: Criteria for success – An exploratory research. Information Technology and Tourism, 3(1), 41-58.

  • Butler, R.W. (1980). The concept of a tourist area cycle of evolution: Implications for management of resources. Canadian Geographer, 24, 5-12.

  • Carmichael, B.A. (2000). A matrix model for resident attitudes and behaviors in a rapidly changing tourist area. Tourism Management, 21, 601-611.

  • Cavus, S., & Tanrisevdi, A. (2002). Residents' attitudes towards tourism development: A case study in Kusadasi, Turkey. Tourism Analysis, 7(3-4), 259-269.

  • Cole, D.N., & Stankey, G.H. (1997). Historical development of limits of acceptable change: Conceptual clarifications and possible extensions. Proceedings – Limits of Acceptable Change and Related Planning Processes: Progress and Future Directions. From a workshop held at the University of Montana’s Lubrecht Experimental Forest, May 20-22, 1997. USDA Forest Service: Rocky Mountain Research Station.

  • Cottrell, S., van der Duim, R., Ankersmid, P., & Kelder, L. (2004). Measuring the sustainability of tourism in Manuel Antonio and Texel. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12(5), 409-431.

  • Davis, D., Allen, J., & Cosenza, R. (1988). Segmenting local residents by their attitudes, interests and opinions toward tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 27(2), 2-8.

  • Davis, J. S., & Morais, D. B. (2004). Factions and enclaves: Small towns and socially unsustainable tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 43(1), 3-10.

  • Getz, D. (1992). Tourism planning and destination life cycle. Annals of Tourism Research, 19, 752-770.

  • Gunn, C. (1988). Tourism planning. New York: Taylor & Francis.

  • Gursoy, D., Jurowski, C., & Uysal, M. (2002). Resident attitudes: A structural modeling approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29, 79-105.

  • Haralambopoulos, N., & Pizam, A. (1996). Perceived impacts of tourism: The case of Samos. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(3), 503-526.

  • Hardy, A.L. & Beeton, R.J.S. (2001). Sustainable tourism or maintainable tourism: Managing resources for more than average outcomes. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 9(3), 168-192.

  • Harrill, R. (2004). Residents’ attitudes toward tourism development: A literature review with implications for tourism planning. Journal of Planning Literature, 18(3), 251-265.

  • Haywood, K. M. (1988). Responsible and responsive tourism planning in the community. Tourism Management, 9(2), 105-118.

  • Horn, C., & Simmons, D. (2002). Community adaptation to tourism: Comparisons between Rotorua and Kaikoura, New Zealand. Tourism Management, 23, 133-143.

  • Howe, J., McMahon, E., & Propst, L. (1997). Balancing nature and commerce in gateway communities. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.

  • Hudson, S., & Shepard, G. W. H. (1988). Measuring service quality at tourist destinations: An application of importance-performance analysis to an alpine ski resort. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 7(3), 61-77.

  • Inskeep, E. (1991). Tourism planning: An integrated and sustainable development approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

  • Ioannides, D. (1995). A flawed implementation of sustainable tourism: The experience of Akamas, Cyprus. Tourism Management, 16(8), 583-592.

  • Jacobi, C. & Manning, R. (1999). Crowding and conflict on the carriage roads of Acadia National Park: An application of the Visitor Experience Resource Protection framework. Park Science, 19(2), 22-26.

  • Johnson, J.D., Snepenger, D.J., & Akis, S. (1994). Resident’s perceptions of tourism development. Annals of Tourism Research, 21(3), 629-642.

  • Jurowski, C., Uysal, M., & Williams, D.R. (1997). A theoretical analysis of host community resident reactions to tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 36(2), 3-11.

  • Keogh, B. (1990). Resident recreationists’ perceptions and attitudes with respect to tourism development. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 15(2), 71-83.

  • King, B., Pizam, A., & Milman, A. (1993). Social impacts of tourism: Host perceptions. Annals of Tourism Research, 20, 650-665.

  • Lankford, S.V. (2001). A comment concerning ‘developing and testing a tourism impact scale.’ Journal of Travel Research, 39(3), 315-316.

  • Lankford, S.V. (1994). Attitudes and perceptions toward tourism and rural regional development. Journal of Travel Research, 32(3), 35-43.

  • Lawrence, K., Munasinghe, M., & McNeely, J. (1994). Sustainable tourism development. In M. Munasignhe (Ed.), Protected area economics and policy: Linking conservation and sustainable development (pp. 263-272). Washington, D.C.: World Bank.

  • Long, P.T., Perdue, R.R., & Allen, L. (1990). Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes by community level of tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 28(3), 3-9.

  • Liu, J., Sheldon, P., & Var, T. (1987). A cross-national approach to determining resident perceptions of the impact of tourism on the environment. Annals of Tourism Research, 14(1), 17-37.

  • Liu, J. & Var, T. (1986). Resident attitudes towards tourism impacts in Hawaii. Annals of Tourism Research, 13, 193-214.

  • Madrigal, R. (1994). Residents’ perceptions and the role of government. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(1), 86-102.

  • Manning, R. (2001). Visitor Experience and Resource Protection: A framework for managing the carrying capacity of national parks. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 19(1), 93-108.

  • Manning, R., Lawson, S., Newman, P., Budruk, M., Valliere, W., Laven D., & Bacon, J. (2004). Visitor Perceptions of Recreation-Related Resource Impacts. Environmental Impacts of Ecotourism. London: CAB International. pp. 259-272.

  • Manning R., Leung, Y., & Budruk, M. (2005). Research to support management of visitor carrying capacity at Boston Harbor Islands. Northeastern Naturalist 12, 201–220.

  • Mansfeld, Y., & Ginosar, O. (1994). Determinants of locals’ perceptions and attitudes towards tourism development in their locality. Geoforum, 25(2), 227-248.

  • Markwick, M.C. (2000). Golf tourism development, stakeholders, differing discourses, and alternative agendas: The case of Malta. Tourism Management, 21, 515-524.

  • Martilla, J. A., & James, J. C. (1977). Importance-performance analysis. Journal of Marketing, 41(1), 77-79.

  • McCool, S. (1994). Planning for sustainable nature dependent tourism development: The limits of acceptable change system. Tourism Recreation Research, 19, 51-55.

  • McCool, S., & Martin, S. (1994). Community attachment and attitudes toward tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 32(3), 29-34.

  • McGehee, N.G. & Andereck, K.L. (2004). Factors predicting rural residents’ support of tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 43, 131-140.

  • McMahon, E. T. (1999). Gateway communities. Planning Commissioners Journal, 3, 6-7.

  • Mountain Keepers. (2003). Forces of change: Watauga county, North Carolina. Boone, NC: Highland Mapping, LLC.

  • Murphy, P. E. (1981). Community attitudes on tourism: A comparative analysis. Tourism Management, 2(2), 189-195.

  • Murphy, P. E. (1983). Perceptions and attitudes of decision making groups in tourism centers. Journal of Travel Research, 21(3), 8-12.

  • National Park Service. (1997). The Visitor Experience and Resource Protection (VERP) Framework: A Handbook for Planners and Managers. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center.

  • National Park Service. (1995) Visitor Experience and Resource Protection Implementation Plan for Arches National Park. Denver, CO: Denver Service Center.

  • Perdue, R. R., Long, P. T., & Allen, L. (1987). Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes. Annals of Tourism Research, 14, 420-429.

  • Pizam, A., Uriely, N., & Reichel, A. (2000). The intensity of tourist-host social relationship and its effects on satisfaction and change of attitudes: The case of working tourists in Israel. Tourism Management, 21(4), 395-406.

  • Puczko, L., & Ratz, T. (2000). Tourist and resident perceptions of the physical impacts of tourism at Lake Balaton, Hungary: issues for sustainable tourism management. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8(6), 458-477.

  • Reid, D.G., Mair, H., & George, W. (2004). Community tourism planning: A self-assessment instrument. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 623-639.

  • Richardson, S. L. (1987). An Importance-performance approach to evaluating communication effectiveness. Journal of Parks and Recreation Administration, 5(4), 71-83.

  • Ryan, C. (2002). Equity, management, power sharing and sustainability – issues of the ‘new tourism’. Tourism Management, 23, 17-26.

  • Ryan, C. & Sterling, L. (2001). Visitors to Litchfield National Park, Australia: A typology based on behaviours. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 9(1), 61-75.

  • Sauter, E.T., & Leisen, B. (1999). Managing stakeholders: A tourism planning model. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 312-328.

  • Saveriades, A. (2000). Establishing the social tourism carrying capacity for the tourist resorts of the east coast of the republic of Cyprus. Tourism Management, 21, 147-156.

  • Shafer, E., Jr. (1969). The average camper who doesn’t exist. USDA Forest Service Research Paper NE-142.

  • Sheldon, P., & Abenoja, T. (2001). Resident attitudes in a mature destination: The case of Waikiki. Tourism Management, 22, 435-443.

  • Simpson, P., & Wall, G. (1999). Consequences of resort development: A comparative study. Tourism Management, 20, 283-296.

  • Stankey, G.H., Cole, D.N., Lucas, R.C., Peterson, M.E., & Frissell, S.S. (1985). The limits of acceptable change (LAC) system for wilderness planning. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture.

  • Taylor, G. (1995). The community approach: Does it really work? Tourism Management, 16(7), 487-489.

  • Tonge, J. & Moore, S.A. (2007). Importance-satisfaction analysis for marine-park hinterlands: A Western Australian case study. Tourism Management, 28, 768-776.

  • Tosun, C. (2001). Host perceptions of impacts: A comparative tourism study. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 231-253.

  • Tyrell, T. J., & Okrant, M. J. (2004). Importance-performance analysis: Some recommendations from an economic planning perspective. Tourism Analysis, 9(1/2), 63-76.

  • U.S. Census Bureau. (2006). Watauga County, NC Quick Facts. Retrieved December 5, 2008 from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/37/37189.html.

  • Vaske, J., Beaman, J., Stanley, R., & Grenier, M. (1996). Importance-performance and segmentation: Where do we go from here? Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 5(3), 225-240.

  • Wall, G. (1996). Perspectives on tourism in selected Balinese villages. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(1), 123-137.

  • Williams, A. E., & Neal, L. L. (1993). Motivational assessment in organizations: An application of importance-performance analysis. Journal of Parks and Recreation Administration, 11(2), 60-71.

  • Yuksel, F., Bramwell, B, & Yuksel, A. (1999). Stakeholder interviews and tourism planning at Pamukkale, Turkey. Tourism Management, 20, 351-360.


Abstract Views: 357

PDF Views: 0




  • Using Importance-performance Analysis of Resident Perceptions to Inform a Tourism Development Framework.

Abstract Views: 357  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Eric Frauman
Recreation Management Program, Appalachian State University, HLES Dept., Box 32071, Boone, NC., United States
Sarah Banks
Recreation and Sport Management Program, Coastal Carolina University, P.O. Box 261954, Conway, SC.

Abstract


Gateway communities commonly border, serve as entry points to protected lands. Due to their high quality of life, gateway communities have become a magnet for a growing number of people be they permanent or seasonal residents. But it is generally because of their unique natural attributes that they face issues of tourism development and growth. As a result, gateway communities offer important lessons for other rural areas grappling with rapid growth and change. A variation of Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was used in this study whereby residents evaluated environmental, socio-cultural and socio-economic area attributes. IPA was chosen to serve as an additional input for communities interested in employing a tourism planning framework such as Visitor Experience and Resource Protection (VERP). The findings suggest environmental attributes make the area special with them considered both important and of real concern currently and in the future. With the exception of a few items no other examined attributes were perceived the same as the environmental items. The modified IPA used in this study is a tool that can help inform a VERP framework intended to address tourism development as well as provide a visual means for those interested in better understanding resident perceptions.

Keywords


Importance-performance Analysis, Gateway Communities, Tourism Planning, Visitor Experience And Resource Protection (VERP)

References