Emotional Intelligence and Severity of Disease among Coronary Artery Disease Patients having Type D and Non-type D Personality

Globally Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) has emerged as a major health concern. For more than half a century research interest in the contribution of personality to CAD has shown mixed results. People with Type D or Distressed personality exhibit uncomfortable emotions (Negative affectivity), and avoidance of social situations (Social inhibition) both of which adversely impact heart health. Emotional Intelligence includes understanding, managing, regulating, and using emotions. Relevant research shows that individuals with high Emotional Intelligence enjoy better physical, social and psychological health and experience lesser emotional distress as compared to those low on it. Further personality and emotion are known to impact the severity of the disease. The present study compares Type D and Non-Type D Personality CAD patients on Emotional intelligence and severity of disease. Sample consisted of N=176, (Type D=88, Non-Type-D=88) CAD patients, matched on age (30-65 years). The study utilized the DS-14 scale, EEA (Exploring Emotional Abilities), and preoperative LVEF (Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Independent samples t-test, and Mann- Whitney test. A statistically significant difference was found among CAD patients having Type D personality on Self-Awareness, Motivation, Empathy, Social Skills, overall Emotional Intelligence and pre-procedure LVEF which was poorer when compared to Non-Type D counterparts.