Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Impact of Menstruation Hygiene Management on Self-esteem Of Adolescent Girls


Affiliations
1 Ph. D. Scholar, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
2 M.Sc. student, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
3 DES, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Self-esteem may be particularly dynamic during the adolescent years. The time period is characterized by abrupt developmental changes in a number of developmental domains, which have an impact on changes in overall selfesteem and related domains. Adolescence in girls is a turbulent period, which includes stressful events like menarche, considered as a landmark of female puberty. For girls' and women's health, education, and dignity, good menstrual hygiene is essential. The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the difficulties girls have because of menstruation, namely how socio-cultural norms affect their self-esteem. The study was conducted on 240 adolescent girls in the age group of 10-14 years and 15-19 years belonging to rural and urban areas of Hisar district. Self- developed schedules were used to delineate personal, socio-personal variables, MHM status in terms of knowledge, attitude and practices, socio-cultural norms concerning menstruation. Self-esteem of adolescent girls was dependent variable for the present study which was assessed by using State Self-esteem Scale (SSES) developed by Heatherton and Polivy (1991). Frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, Z-test, ANOVA, correlation and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data as per objectives. The study found that more than onefourth of girls had poor level of knowledge and 21.25 percent girls followed poor practices regarding MHM and more than half (57.5%) of the girls need improvement in their attitude regarding MHM. Findings revealed that there was significant gap in MHM status of rural and urban girls. Girls attaining early menarche and having irregular periods had lower level of self-esteem. Age, class, menstrual cycle pattern, area of residence, mother education and father occupation were associated factors of low self-esteem in this study. Present study results confirmed significant impact of MHM status on self-esteem of adolescents.

Keywords

adolescent girls, menstrual hygiene management, personal and socio-economic variables, self-esteem.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Adhikari, P., Kadel, B., Dhungel, S.I., & Mandal, A. (2007). Knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene in rural adolescent girls of Nepal. Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 5(3), 382-386. PMID: 18604059.

  • Ahmad, A., Garg, G. S., Gupta, S., & Alvi, R. (2021). Knowledge and practices related to menstruation among Lucknow college students in North India: Results from crosssectional survey. Medrxiv the preprint for health server for health science. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.10.21251460d

  • Alharbi, K.K., Alkharan, A. A., Abukhamseen, D.A., Altassan, M.A., Alzahrani, W., & Fayed, A. (2018). Knowledge, readiness, and myths about menstruation among students at the Princess Noura University. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 7(6), 1197-1202.

  • Belayneh, Z., & Mekuriaw, B. (2019). Knowledge and menstrual hygiene practice among adolescent school girls in southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Journal of BMC Public Health, 19, 1595.

  • Bhartiya, A. (2013). Menstruation, religion and society. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 3(6), 523-527.

  • Bhore, N., & Kumbhar, R.V. (2014). Knowledge and practices regarding menarche and menstrual hygiene among the adolescent girls. IPP, 2(3), 359-364.

  • Biruk, E., Tefera, W., Tadesse, N., & Sisay, A. (2018). Assessment of menstrual hygiene management and its determinants among adolescent girls: A cross-sectional study in school adolescent girls in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Biorxiv the preprint server for biology. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/450007.

  • Bulto, A. G. (2021). Knowledge on menstruation and practice of menstrual hygiene management among school adolescent girls in central Ethiopia: A crosssectional study. Journal of Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 911- 923.

  • Dambhare, D.G., Wagh, S.V., & Dudhe, J.Y. (2012). Age at menarche and menstrual cycle pattern among school adolescent girls in central India. Global Journal of Health Sciences, 4(1), 105- 111.

  • Devi, T. K., & Prasanti (2004). Self concept of adolescents in urban and rural areas. Indian Psychological Review, 11(12), 202-206.

  • DuBois, D. L., BurkBraxton, C., Swenson, L. P., Tevendale, H. D., & Hardesty, J. L. (2002). Race and gender influences on adjustment in early adolescence: Investigation of an integrative model. Child Development, 73(5), 1573-1592.

  • Fehintola, F.O., Fehintola, A.O., Aremu, A.O., Idowu, A., Ogunlaja, O.A., & Ogunlaja, I.P. (2017). Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene among secondary high school girls in Ogbomoso, Oyo state, Nigeria. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(5), 1726-1732.

  • Gultie, T., Hailu, D., & Workineh, Y. (2014). Age of menarche and knowledge about menstrual hygiene management among adolescent school girls in Amhara Province, Ethiopia: Implication to health care workers & school teachers. PLoS ONE, 9(9), e108644. doi:10.1371/journal. Pone.0108644

  • Gupta, D.A., & Sarakar, M. (2008). Menstrual hygiene: How hygienic is the adolescent girl. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 33(2), 77-80.

  • Gupta, N., Kariwala, P., Dixit, A.M., Govil, P., Mahima, & Jain, P.K. (2018). A crosssectional study on menstrual hygiene practices among school going adolescent girls (10-19 years) of Government Girls Inter College, Saifai, Etawah. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 5(10), 4560-4565.

  • Heatherton, T. F., & Polivy, J. (1991). Development and validation of a scale for measuring state self- esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 895-910.

  • Kapoor, G., & Kumar, D. (2017). Menstrual hygiene: Knowledge and practice among adolescent, International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(3), 959-962.

  • Khanna, A., Goyal, R.S., & Bhawsar, R. (2005). Menstrual practices and reproductive problems: A study of adolescent girls in Rajasthan. Journal of Health Management, 7, 91-107.

  • Neelkanth, N., Singh, D., & Bhatia, P. (2017). A study to assess the knowledge regarding practices of menstrual hygiene and RTI among high and higher secondary school girls: an educational interventional study. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 4(12), 4520-4526.

  • Omidvar, S., & Khyrunnisa, B. (2011). Factors influencing hygienic practices during menses among girls from south India Across sectional study. International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine and Public Health, 2(2), 411-423.

  • Pathak, P.K., Tripathi, N., & Subramanian, S.V. (2014). Secular trends in menarcheal age in India- evidence from the Indian human development survey. PLoS ONE, 9(11), e111027. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0111027.

  • Patle, R., & Kubde, S. (2014). Comparative study on menstrual hygiene in rural and urban adolescent. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 3(2), 129-132.

  • Prajapati, D., Shah, J., & Kedia, G. (2015). Menstrual hygiene: Knowledge and practice among adolescent girls of rural Kheda district. National Journal of Community Medicine, 6(3), 349- 353.

  • Saraswat, R. (1981). Manual of Self-concept Scale. National psychological corporation. School girls in rural settings. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(3), 959-962.

  • Sharifabad, M. A. M., Hesary, B. F., Miri, R. A., Dastjerdi, R., & Sharifzadeh, R. G. (2020). Self-esteem in adolescent girls: A qualitative study. Women Health, 7(2), 16- 22.

  • Sharma, N., Sharma, P., Sharma, N., Wavare, R. R., Gautam, B., & Sharma, M. (2013). A cross sectional study of knowledge, attitude and practices of menstrual hygiene among medical students in north India. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2(5), 28- 37.

  • Shitole, A., Patnaik, B., Pandey, A., & Patil, R. (2012). A study of practical aspects of menstrual hygiene: A rural community based study. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 3(3), 65-70.

  • Teketo, K.T., & Molla, S.M. (2014). Menstrual hygiene management and school absenteeism among female adolescent students in north east Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, 14, 1118.

  • Yadav, N. R., Joshi, S., Poudel, R., & Pandeya, P. (2017). Knowledge, attitude, and practice on menstrual hygiene management among school adolescents. Journal of Nepal Health Research Counseling, 15( (37), 212-216.

  • Yaliwal, G. R., Biradar, M. A., Kori, S. S., Mudanur, R. S, Pujeri, U. S., & Mohd, S. (2020). Menstrual morbidities, menstrual hygiene, cultural practices during menstruation and wash practices at schools in adolescent girls of north Karnataka, India: A cross-sectional prospective study. Hindawi Obstetrics and Gynecology International, Article ID 6238193, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6238193


Abstract Views: 764

PDF Views: 0




  • Impact of Menstruation Hygiene Management on Self-esteem Of Adolescent Girls

Abstract Views: 764  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Jyoti Sihag
Ph. D. Scholar, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
Pinki Rani
M.Sc. student, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
Poonam Yadav
DES, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India

Abstract


Self-esteem may be particularly dynamic during the adolescent years. The time period is characterized by abrupt developmental changes in a number of developmental domains, which have an impact on changes in overall selfesteem and related domains. Adolescence in girls is a turbulent period, which includes stressful events like menarche, considered as a landmark of female puberty. For girls' and women's health, education, and dignity, good menstrual hygiene is essential. The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the difficulties girls have because of menstruation, namely how socio-cultural norms affect their self-esteem. The study was conducted on 240 adolescent girls in the age group of 10-14 years and 15-19 years belonging to rural and urban areas of Hisar district. Self- developed schedules were used to delineate personal, socio-personal variables, MHM status in terms of knowledge, attitude and practices, socio-cultural norms concerning menstruation. Self-esteem of adolescent girls was dependent variable for the present study which was assessed by using State Self-esteem Scale (SSES) developed by Heatherton and Polivy (1991). Frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, Z-test, ANOVA, correlation and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data as per objectives. The study found that more than onefourth of girls had poor level of knowledge and 21.25 percent girls followed poor practices regarding MHM and more than half (57.5%) of the girls need improvement in their attitude regarding MHM. Findings revealed that there was significant gap in MHM status of rural and urban girls. Girls attaining early menarche and having irregular periods had lower level of self-esteem. Age, class, menstrual cycle pattern, area of residence, mother education and father occupation were associated factors of low self-esteem in this study. Present study results confirmed significant impact of MHM status on self-esteem of adolescents.

Keywords


adolescent girls, menstrual hygiene management, personal and socio-economic variables, self-esteem.

References