Comparative Effectiveness of Different Grass Species on Reduction of Runoff, Soil Loss in Semi-arid Black Soil Region

Vegetative measures for soil & water conservation are preferred due to their efficacy and cost effectiveness. A study conducted during 1996-2000 in black soil semi-arid region showed that among the commonly occurring grasses, Cenchrus ciliaris, Dichanthium annulatum and Cymbopogon martini were most effective in reducing surface runoff which ranged from 9 to 12%, while sediment loss varied from 500 - 1000 kg/ha and was below permissible limits of 5 t/ha/year. Cymbopogon has drought resistance and capability to withstand limited grazing. It also gives comparatively more (1.7 to 2.4 times) biomass production with aromatic uses. Thus, from a holistic perspective Cymbopogon is recommended for conservation and production. By artificial seeding on large scale, Cymbopogon, Ciliaris and Dichanthium can replace the Sehima species which has currently failed to survive due to changed environment.