Chander Lekha , Kulwant Rai Sharma

Abstract

Healing of boreholes involved sequential production of callus tissue and formation of vascular cambium by dedifferentiation and conversion of callus cells into cambium cells. Healing of boreholes was initiated by callus formation from edges. The callus growth on lateral sides of the hole has been observed to be more than top and bottom of the borehole resulting into formation of narrow elliptical shaped hole after healing upto two years. The healing percentage showed decreasing trend with increase in the diameter of boreholes. The boreholes of 0.50" (1.25 cm) diameter showed maximum healing percentage of 28.46 per cent and minimum healing percentage of 2.86 per cent was obtained in 1.25" (3.125 cm) diameter boreholes after one year of tapping. Whereas, the healing percentage in 0.50", 0.75" and 1" diameter boreholes was observed to be 70.73, 59.42 and 53.56 per cent, respectively after two years of tapping.

Keywords

Boreholes, Pinusroxburghii, Healingpercentage, Oleoresin, Resin Tapping

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Chander Lekha , Kulwant Rai Sharma

Abstract

The anatomical studies were conducted on the healed boreholes in Pinus roxburghii which had been tapped with borehole method. Microscopic studies revealed that newly formed callus was a mass of undifferentiated cells and the differentiation of callus cells and formation of traumatic resin ducts were observed in two year old samples. In the initial stage of duct formation, it is a multicellular structure and the formation of lumen in resin duct has been recorded at the transition zone of early wood and late wood in healed portion of borehole. Oleoresin duct was found to be roughly round to ovai in shape.

Keywords

Pinus roxburghii, Callus, Resin Duct, Callus Differentiation, Traumatic Resin Ducts

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Kulwant Rai Sharma , Chander Lekha

Abstract

Twenty best performing provenances were selected to Investigate the variability In physico-chemical properties of sapwood and heartwood of Acacia catechu. The genotypic correlation was found to be higher than phenotypic and environmental correlation. The sapwood percentage was significantly and negatively correlated with all the parameters except holocellulose content at genotypic and phenotypic level. The significant and positive genotypic, phenotypic correlation coefficients were noticed between specific gravity and wood extractives, specific gravity and lignin content, lignin and extractives. The holocellulose content was significantly and negatively correlated with all the physico-chemical parameters studied In sapwood. The highly significant positive genotyplc correlation coefficient was found between lignin content and cold water solubility (0.989), lignin and hot water and alcohol benzene solubility, specific gravity and cold water solubility, In heartwood. Katha content and cutch content was significantly and positively correlated with moisture content in heartwood and katha content was significantly and negatively correlated with lignin content. The values 01 the heritability factor were high for holocellulose (0.981), lignin (0.944), and specific gravity (0.870). The genetic advance, genetic gain, phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 0.05-24.31, 2.84-42.81, 1.39-20.77,1.33-20.77, respectively for various parameters In sapwood. The maximum heritability value 0.930 (93.0%) was found in katha content and minimum value of 0.051 (5.10%) was noticed In lignin content In heartwood.

Keywords

Acacia Catechu, Variability, Sapwood, Heartwood, Genotypic And Phenotypic Correlation, Heritability,
Genetic Advance, Genetic Gain

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Kulwant Rai Sharma , Ganguva Murtem , Chander Lekha

Abstract

Chir pine is commercially tapped for oleoresin. The oleoresin yield is affected by number of factors. The experiment was conducted to investigate the relationship of morphological parameters and climatic factors with oleoresin yield. The diameter at breast height, height, needle diameter, needle length and bark thickness showeda significant relationship with oleoresin yield. The number of primary branches, crown length has not shown significant relationship with oleoresin yield. The oleoresin yield was highly correlated with the temperature followed by evapotranspiration and sunshine hours. The factors like rainfall, humidity showed non-significant correlation with oleoresin yield; however, they have influenced temperature and evapotranspiration.

Keywords

Pinus roxburghii, Morphological Parameters, Environmental Factors, Correlation Coefficient, Oleoresin Yield

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K. R. Sharma ¹, Dharm Singh Meena ¹, Chander Lekha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Forest Products Dr Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan H.P.

Abstract

The oleoresin is an important forest produce of pine forests in the world. The conventional rill method of tapping leads to the destruction of some wood and the production of poor quality oleoresin. The improved tapping technique i.e. borehole method was used by applying 10% ethephon and 20% H SO as a stimulant. The mean oleoresin yield of low, 2 4 medium and high resin yielders was 827.24, 1486 and 2594.8 g/season respectively. The highest oleoresin yield was recorded in R-11 high resin yielder (3975 g/season) and lowest oleoresin yield was found in R-20 low resin yielder (465 g/season). The highest oleoresin yield of 2.24 kg was recorded in 40-45 (D ) diameter class. The oleoresin yield differed 3 significantly among the different boreholes drilled at different time interval. The maximum oleoresin yield of 684.5 g/hole/tree was obtained from first (B ) borehole (March to October) and minimum oleoresin yield (523.4 g/hole/tree) 1 was recorded in B (May-October).

Keywords

Oleoresin Yield, Chir Pine; Tree Diameter, Borehole Method, Number of Boreholes

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Kulwant Rai Sharma ¹, Ravi Sikarwar ¹, Chander Lekha ¹, Bhupender Dutt ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Forest Products, Dr Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, P.O. Nauni, Solan (H.P.), IN

Abstract

Progeny trial of Pinus roxburghii was conducted to evaluate the oleoresin yielding potential of half-sib progenies of chirpine. Trees of 60 progenies were enumerated and abstracted for diameter at breast height (d.b.h). The progenies having more than 30 cm d.b.h were selected for oleoresin tapping experiment. In total, 22 out of 60 progenies had minimum one tree above 30 cm d.b.h in at least two replications. Hence, these progenies were selected for stem oleoresin tapping. The maximum value of oleoresin yield was noted in Kopra-P5 (1527.5 g/season) and lowest oleoresin yield was found in Chretmansu-P4 (455.0 g/season). The highest percentage of turpentine content (25.05%) was found in Jubble Green Centre and lowest value of 18.19 per cent was obtained for Bagthan-PT- Black Base. Maximum percentage of rosin was observed in (80.06%) Bagthan-PT Black Base. The highest value of (80.25°C) melting point of rosin was noted in Kaldoo P10 and lowest melting point (68.25°C) was observed for Jubble Green Centre.

Keywords

Pinus roxburghii, Progeny, Oleoresin Yield, Turpentine, Rosin.

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